11-2445251-C-G

Variant names:

• chr11-2445251-C-G
• rs397508096
• NM_000218.3:c.153C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000218.3(KCNQ1):​c.153C>G​(p.Tyr51*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000478 in 1,046,344 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: KCNQ1 NM_000218.3 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.203
• Publications: 2 publications found

Genes affected

KCNQ1 (HGNC:6294): (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1) This gene encodes a voltage-gated potassium channel required for repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential. This protein can form heteromultimers with two other potassium channel proteins, KCNE1 and KCNE3. Mutations in this gene are associated with hereditary long QT syndrome 1 (also known as Romano-Ward syndrome), Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, and familial atrial fibrillation. This gene exhibits tissue-specific imprinting, with preferential expression from the maternal allele in some tissues, and biallelic expression in others. This gene is located in a region of chromosome 11 amongst other imprinted genes that are associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), and itself has been shown to be disrupted by chromosomal rearrangements in patients with BWS. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

KCNQ1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• long QT syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• long QT syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: PanelApp Australia, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• atrial fibrillation, familial, 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• short QT syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Orphanet
• short QT syndrome type 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• familial atrial fibrillation

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 11-2445251-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-2445251-C-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 52989.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
KCNQ1	NM_000218.3	c.153C>G	p.Tyr51*	stop_gained	Exon 1 of 16	ENST00000155840.12	NP_000209.2
KCNQ1	NM_001406836.1	c.153C>G	p.Tyr51*	stop_gained	Exon 1 of 15		NP_001393765.1
KCNQ1	NM_001406838.1	c.153C>G	p.Tyr51*	stop_gained	Exon 1 of 11		NP_001393767.1
KCNQ1	NM_001406837.1	c.-210C>G		5_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 1 of 17		NP_001393766.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
KCNQ1	ENST00000155840.12	c.153C>G	p.Tyr51*	stop_gained	Exon 1 of 16	1	NM_000218.3	ENSP00000155840.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000478 AC: 5 AN: 1046344 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.00000400 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 500542

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 20760

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 6860

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 11694

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 20956

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 22834

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 19010

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2634

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000555 AC: 5 AN: 901628

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39968

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000113

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:1

Jul 08, 2025

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Identified in patients with LQTS referred for genetic testing at GeneDx and in published literature (PMID: 15840476, 19841300, 19716085); Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 19841300, 19716085, 15840476, 34319147) -

Congenital long QT syndrome Pathogenic:1

Nov 14, 2023

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.Tyr51X variant in KCNQ1 has been reported in at least 1 individual referred for genetic testing for long QT syndrome (LQTS; Tester 2005 PMID: 15840476, Kapplinger 2009 PMID: 19716085, Kapa 2009 PMID: 19841300) and has also been reported by other clinical laboratories in ClinVar (Variation ID 52989). It was absent from large population studies. This nonsense variant leads to a premature termination codon at position 51, which is predicted to lead to a truncated or absent protein. Heterozygous loss of function of the KCNQ1 gene is an established disease mechanism in autosomal dominant long QT syndrome. In summary, although additional studies are required to fully establish its clinical significance, this variant meets criteria to be classified as likely pathogenic for autosomal dominant long QT syndrome. ACMG/AMP Criteria applied: PM2_Supporting, PVS1. -

Long QT syndrome Pathogenic:1

Oct 18, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Tyr51*) in the KCNQ1 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in KCNQ1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 9323054, 19862833). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with Long QT syndrome (PMID: 15840476, 19841300). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 52989). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Cardiovascular phenotype Pathogenic:1

Oct 12, 2017

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.Y51* pathogenic mutation (also known as c.153C>G), located in coding exon 1 of the KCNQ1 gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 153. This changes the amino acid from a tyrosine to a stop codon within coding exon 1. This alteration has been detected in patients referred for long QT syndrome genetic testing; however, clinical details were limited (Kapplinger JD et al. Heart Rhythm, 2009 Sep;6:1297-303; Tester DJ et al. Heart Rhythm, 2005 May;2:507-17). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, this alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -

Cardiac arrhythmia Pathogenic:1

May 17, 2021

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: KCNQ1 c.153C>G (p.Tyr51X) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. Truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory. The variant was absent in 7752 control chromosomes. c.153C>G has been reported in the literature in at least one individual affected with Long QT Syndrome (LQTS; e.g. Tester_2005, Kappliner_2009, Kapa_2009). To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Two ClinVar submitters (evaluation after 2014) cite the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.50	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.48
CADD	Pathogenic	35
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Uncertain	0.31
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.074
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.60	D
PhyloP100		-0.20
Vest4		0.51
GERP RS		1.4
PromoterAI		0.048	Neutral
Mutation Taster		=2/198	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs397508096; hg19: chr11-2466481;