16-23641157-T-G

Variant names:

• chr16-23641157-T-G
• rs879254144
• ENST00000568219.5:c.-868A>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The ENST00000568219.5(PALB2):​c.-868A>C variant causes a 5 prime UTR premature start codon gain change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PALB2 ENST00000568219.5 5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.67
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• Fanconi anemia complementation group N

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
• Fanconi anemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.988
• PP5: Variant 16-23641157-T-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-23641157-T-G is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1784166.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.1A>C	p.Met1?	initiator_codon_variant	Exon 1 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.1A>C	p.Met1?	initiator_codon_variant	Exon 1 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:1

Sep 05, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.M1? variant (also known as c.1A>C) is located in coding exon 1 of the PALB2 gene and results from a A to C substitution at nucleotide position 1. This alters the methionine residue at the initiation codon (ATG). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. Sequence variations that modify the initiation codon are expected to result in either loss of translation initiation, N-terminal truncation, or cause a shift in the mRNA reading frame. Based on the majority of available evidence to date, this variant is likely to be pathogenic.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.092	D
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.11
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Benign	0.85
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.33	T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.50
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.48
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.48	N
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.90	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.27	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.94	T
PhyloP100		1.7
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.6	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.29
Sift	Benign	0.038	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Vest4		0.71
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.1
PromoterAI		-0.10	Neutral
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.0
Varity_R		0.58
gMVP		0.027
Mutation Taster		=4/196	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs879254144; hg19: chr16-23652478;