19-49865219-G-C

Position:

• chr19-49865219-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_007254.4(PNKP):​c.406C>G​(p.Pro136Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000479 in 1,461,878 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PNKP NM_007254.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.39

Genes affected

PNKP (HGNC:9154): (polynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase) This locus represents a gene involved in DNA repair. In response to ionizing radiation or oxidative damage, the protein encoded by this locus catalyzes 5' phosphorylation and 3' dephosphorylation of nucleic acids. Mutations at this locus have been associated with microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.06984365).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PNKP	NM_007254.4	c.406C>G	p.Pro136Ala	missense_variant	4/17	ENST00000322344.8	NP_009185.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PNKP	ENST00000322344.8	c.406C>G	p.Pro136Ala	missense_variant	4/17	1	NM_007254.4	ENSP00000323511	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251414 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 135904

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000880

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000479 AC: 7 AN: 1461878 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00000825 AC XY: 6 AN XY: 727242

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000629

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.0000113

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Jun 21, 2012

p.Pro136Ala (CCG>GCG): c.406 C>G in exon 4 of the PNKP gene (NM_007254.2) The Pro136Ala missense change has not been published as a mutation, nor has it been reported as a benign polymorphism to our knowledge. The NHLBI ESP Exome Variant Project has not identified Pro136Ala in approximately 5,000 individuals of European or African American ethnicity, indicating that it is not a common benign variant in these populations. Although both Proline and Alanine are uncharged, non-polar amino acids, the loss of a Proline residue may alter the secondary structure of the protein. However, Pro136Ala alters a position that is not conserved in PNKP or in related proteins, and mutations have not been previously published in this region of the protein. Additionally, multiple in silico algorithms predict Pro136Ala is likely not pathogenic. Therefore, based on the currently available information, it is unclear whether Pro136Ala is a disease-causing mutation or a rare benign variant. The variant is found in INFANT-EPI panel(s). -

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 12 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Mar 19, 2022

This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 136 of the PNKP protein (p.Pro136Ala). This variant is present in population databases (rs759530456, gnomAD 0.0009%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PNKP-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 206384). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be tolerated. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.074
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.25	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.60
CADD	Benign	11
DANN	Benign	0.48
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.0098	T;T;T;T;T;.;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.96
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.95
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.15	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.81	T;.;T;T;T;T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0064	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.070	T;T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.90	.;L;.;L;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.28	T
PROVEAN	Benign	0.28	.;N;.;.;.;.;.
REVEL	Benign	0.054
Sift	Benign	0.47	.;T;.;.;.;.;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.81	T;T;T;T;T;.;.
Polyphen		0.0	.;B;.;B;.;.;.
Vest4		0.17
MVP		0.39
MPC		0.086
ClinPred		0.047	T
GERP RS		3.2
Varity_R		0.081
gMVP		0.17

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs759530456; hg19: chr19-50368476;