21-36936735-A-C

Variant names:

• chr21-36936735-A-C
• rs119103227
• NM_001352514.2:c.1151T>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Moderate PP5_Moderate

The NM_001352514.2(HLCS):​c.1151T>G​(p.Leu384Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. L384I) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: HLCS NM_001352514.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.74
• Publications: 13 publications found

Genes affected

HLCS (HGNC:4976): (holocarboxylase synthetase) This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the binding of biotin to carboxylases and histones. The protein plays an important role in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis and branched chain amino acid catabolism. Defects in this gene are the cause of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified.[provided by RefSeq, Jun 2011]

HLCS Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Myriad Women’s Health, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_001352514.2
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr21-36936735-A-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1907.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.922
• PP5: Variant 21-36936735-A-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr21-36936735-A-C is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 658832.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_001352514.2. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	HLCS	NM_001352514.2	MANE Select	c.1151T>G	p.Leu384Arg	missense	Exon 4 of 11	NP_001339443.1
	HLCS	NM_000411.8		c.710T>G	p.Leu237Arg	missense	Exon 5 of 12	NP_000402.3
	HLCS	NM_001242784.3		c.710T>G	p.Leu237Arg	missense	Exon 5 of 12	NP_001229713.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	HLCS	ENST00000674895.3	MANE Select	c.1151T>G	p.Leu384Arg	missense	Exon 4 of 11	ENSP00000502087.2
	HLCS	ENST00000336648.8	TSL:1	c.710T>G	p.Leu237Arg	missense	Exon 5 of 12	ENSP00000338387.3
	HLCS	ENST00000399120.5	TSL:1	c.710T>G	p.Leu237Arg	missense	Exon 5 of 12	ENSP00000382071.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
1	-	-	Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.75
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.55	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.55
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.69	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.83
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.80
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.30	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.92	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.5	M
PhyloP100		8.7
PrimateAI	Benign	0.47	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.1	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.94
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.97
MutPred		0.68		Gain of catalytic residue at L237 (P = 0.023)
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.70
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.9
Varity_R		0.82
gMVP		0.91
Mutation Taster		=35/65	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs119103227; hg19: chr21-38309035;