NM_001126049.2:c.-695G>A

Variant names:

• chr10-87863182-C-T
• rs587782034
• NM_001126049.2:c.-695G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points: 2P and 4B. PM2 BP4_Strong

The NM_001126049.2(KLLN):​c.-695G>A variant causes a 5 prime UTR premature start codon gain change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: KLLN NM_001126049.2 5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -1.04
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

KLLN (HGNC:37212): (killin, p53 regulated DNA replication inhibitor) The protein encoded by this intronless gene is found in the nucleus, where it can inhibit DNA synthesis and promote S phase arrest coupled to apoptosis. The expression of this DNA binding protein is upregulated by transcription factor p53. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012]

PTEN (HGNC:9588): (phosphatase and tensin homolog) This gene was identified as a tumor suppressor that is mutated in a large number of cancers at high frequency. The protein encoded by this gene is a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. It contains a tensin like domain as well as a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases. Unlike most of the protein tyrosine phosphatases, this protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. It negatively regulates intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate in cells and functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating AKT/PKB signaling pathway. The use of a non-canonical (CUG) upstream initiation site produces a longer isoform that initiates translation with a leucine, and is thought to be preferentially associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane. This longer isoform may help regulate energy metabolism in the mitochondria. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 9. Alternative splicing and the use of multiple translation start codons results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]

PTEN Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Cowden syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• macrocephaly-autism syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp, Orphanet
• renal cell carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• leiomyosarcoma

  Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• activated PI3K-delta syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Cowden disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Lhermitte-Duclos disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Proteus-like syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• glioma susceptibility 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.66).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
KLLN	NM_001126049.2	c.-695G>A		5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain_variant	Exon 1 of 1	ENST00000445946.5	NP_001119521.1
KLLN	NM_001126049.2	c.-695G>A		5_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 1 of 1	ENST00000445946.5	NP_001119521.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
KLLN	ENST00000445946.5	c.-695G>A		5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain_variant	Exon 1 of 1	6	NM_001126049.2	ENSP00000392204.2
KLLN	ENST00000445946.5	c.-695G>A		5_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 1 of 1	6	NM_001126049.2	ENSP00000392204.2
PTEN	ENST00000688308.1	c.-17+69C>T		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 9			ENSP00000508752.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0 AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 36092 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 17196

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 712

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 412

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1280

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3686

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 180

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15120

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 120

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 12816

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1766

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:1

Jun 10, 2016

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is denoted PTEN c.-1288C>T, and describes a nucleotide substitution 1288 base pairs upstream of the ATG translational start site in the PTEN promoter region. The surrounding sequence, with the base that is substituted in braces, is TCCA[C/T]CCCCG. This variant, also called c.-1287C>T using alternate numbering, has not been published in the literature to our knowledge. Variants within the PTEN promoter have been observed in individuals with features of Cowden syndrome (Zhou 2003). Based on currently available information, it is unclear whether PTEN c.-1288C>T is pathogenic or benign. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Mar 17, 2018

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.-1287C>T variant is located in the 5' untranslated region (5’ UTR) of the PTEN gene. This variant results from a C to T substitution 1287 bases upstream from the first translated codon. This variant is located in the promoter region of the PTEN gene, but its potential impact on PTEN regulation has not yet been investigated (Zhou XP et al. Am J Hum Genet. 2003;73:404-411). This nucleotide position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.66
CADD	Benign	6.6
DANN	Benign	0.93
PhyloP100		-1.0
PromoterAI		-0.061	Neutral

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587782034; hg19: chr10-89622939;