NM_001615.4:c.593G>C

Variant names:

• chr2-73913626-G-C
• rs864309492
• NM_001615.4:c.593G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong

The NM_001615.4(ACTG2):​c.593G>C​(p.Gly198Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,458 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 13/22 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G198D) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: ACTG2 NM_001615.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 10.0
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

ACTG2 (HGNC:145): (actin gamma 2, smooth muscle) Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and in the maintenance of the cytoskeleton. Three types of actins, alpha, beta and gamma, have been identified in vertebrates. Alpha actins are found in muscle tissues and are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. The beta and gamma actins co-exist in most cell types as components of the cytoskeleton and as mediators of internal cell motility. This gene encodes actin gamma 2; a smooth muscle actin found in enteric tissues. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Based on similarity to peptide cleavage of related actins, the mature protein of this gene is formed by removal of two N-terminal peptides.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

ACTG2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• visceral myopathy 1

  Inheritance: AR, AD Classification: STRONG, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• familial visceral myopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 6 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_001615.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr2-73913626-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 218312.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the ACTG2 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 35 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 0 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 3.3487 (above the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 4.3482 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to visceral myopathy 1, megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome, familial visceral myopathy.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.963

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ACTG2	NM_001615.4	c.593G>C	p.Gly198Ala	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 9	ENST00000345517.8	NP_001606.1
ACTG2	NM_001199893.2	c.464G>C	p.Gly155Ala	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 8		NP_001186822.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ACTG2	ENST00000345517.8	c.593G>C	p.Gly198Ala	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 9	1	NM_001615.4	ENSP00000295137.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1460458 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 35 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 726450

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33456

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44562

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26114

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39660

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 85936

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53404

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5766

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 9.00e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111240

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60320

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.51	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.49
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.85	.;D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.82
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.79
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.96	D;.;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.49	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.96	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.7	.;H;H
PhyloP100		10
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.90	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.7	D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.96
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.012	D;D;D
Polyphen		0.23	.;B;B
Vest4		0.82
MutPred		0.86		.;Loss of phosphorylation at T195 (P = 0.2552);Loss of phosphorylation at T195 (P = 0.2552);
MVP		0.99
MPC		1.7
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.0
Varity_R		0.98
gMVP		0.91
Mutation Taster		=11/89	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs864309492; hg19: chr2-74140753;