NM_052998.4:c.862G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PM2PP3

The NM_052998.4(AZIN2):c.862G>A(p.Ala288Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,461,892 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 ( 0 hom. )

Failed GnomAD Quality Control

Consequence

AZIN2
NM_052998.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Not reported in ClinVar

Conservation

PhyloP100: 10.0

Publications

8 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

AZIN2 (HGNC:29957): (antizyme inhibitor 2) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by maintaining polyamine homeostasis within the cell. Antizyme inhibitors are homologs of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis) that have lost the ability to decarboxylase ornithine; however, retain the ability to bind to antizymes. Antizymes negatively regulate intracellular polyamine levels by binding to ODC and targeting it for degradation, as well as by inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme inhibitors function as positive regulators of polyamine levels by sequestering antizymes and neutralizing their effect. This gene encodes antizyme inhibitor 2, the second member of this gene family. Like antizyme inhibitor 1, antizyme inhibitor 2 interacts with all 3 antizymes and stimulates ODC activity and polyamine uptake. However, unlike antizyme inhibitor 1, which is ubiquitously expressed and localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, antizyme inhibitor 2 is predominantly expressed in the brain and testis and localized in the endoplasmic reticulum-golgi intermediate compartment. Recent studies indicate that antizyme inhibitor 2 is also expressed in specific cell types in ovaries, adrenal glands and pancreas, and in mast cells. The exact function of this gene is not known, however, available data suggest its role in cell growth, spermiogenesis, vesicular trafficking and secretion. Accumulation of antizyme inhibitor 2 has also been observed in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. There has been confusion in literature and databases over the nomenclature of this gene, stemming from an earlier report that a human cDNA clone (identical to ODCp/AZIN2) had arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activity (PMID:14738999). Subsequent studies in human and mouse showed that antizyme inhibitor 2 was devoid of arginine decarboxylase activity (PMID:19956990). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

AZIN2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.757

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_052998.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
AZIN2	NM_052998.4	MANE Select	c.862G>A	p.Ala288Thr	missense	Exon 9 of 12	NP_443724.1
AZIN2	NM_001301825.1		c.862G>A	p.Ala288Thr	missense	Exon 6 of 9	NP_001288754.1
AZIN2	NM_001293562.2		c.862G>A	p.Ala288Thr	missense	Exon 8 of 11	NP_001280491.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
AZIN2	ENST00000294517.11	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.862G>A	p.Ala288Thr	missense	Exon 9 of 12	ENSP00000294517.6
AZIN2	ENST00000373441.1	TSL:1	c.862G>A	p.Ala288Thr	missense	Exon 6 of 9	ENSP00000362540.1
AZIN2	ENST00000373443.7	TSL:1	c.862G>A	p.Ala288Thr	missense	Exon 8 of 11	ENSP00000362542.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

152194

Hom.:

Cov.:

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000398

AC:

AN:

251436

AF XY:

0.00000736

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000879

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000274

AC:

AN:

1461892

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000550

AC XY:

AN XY:

727246

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53420

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000360

AC:

AN:

1112010

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.412

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

152194

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74346

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41440

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15282

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3468

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5192

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4832

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10618

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68042

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2092

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

141

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.17

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.018

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.21

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.50

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.94

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.90

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Benign

0.84

M_CAP

Benign

0.015

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.76

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.35

PhyloP100

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.50

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.6

REVEL

Uncertain

0.36

Sift

Uncertain

0.018

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.055

Polyphen

0.99

Vest4

0.58

MutPred

0.50

Loss of sheet (P = 0.0104)

MVP

0.34

MPC

0.58

ClinPred

0.99

GERP RS

5.7

Varity_R

0.49

gMVP

0.39

Mutation Taster

=58/42

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over