chr12-40310437-G-C

Variant names:

• chr12-40310437-G-C
• rs281865048
• NM_198578.4:c.4324G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_198578.4(LRRK2):​c.4324G>C​(p.Ala1442Pro) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A1442S) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 30)
• Consequence: LRRK2 NM_198578.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.04
• Publications: 14 publications found

Genes affected

LRRK2 (HGNC:18618): (leucine rich repeat kinase 2) This gene is a member of the leucine-rich repeat kinase family and encodes a protein with an ankryin repeat region, a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain, a kinase domain, a DFG-like motif, a RAS domain, a GTPase domain, a MLK-like domain, and a WD40 domain. The protein is present largely in the cytoplasm but also associates with the mitochondrial outer membrane. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Parkinson disease-8. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

LRRK2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• autosomal dominant Parkinson disease 8

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Genomics England PanelApp
• Parkinson disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• hereditary late onset Parkinson disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ENSG00000258167 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 6 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 19 uncertain in NM_198578.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.983

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_198578.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	LRRK2	NM_198578.4	MANE Select	c.4324G>C	p.Ala1442Pro	missense	Exon 31 of 51	NP_940980.4

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	LRRK2	ENST00000298910.12	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.4324G>C	p.Ala1442Pro	missense	Exon 31 of 51	ENSP00000298910.7
	LRRK2	ENST00000430804.5	TSL:1	n.*997G>C		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 10 of 30	ENSP00000410821.1
	LRRK2	ENST00000430804.5	TSL:1	n.*997G>C		3_prime_UTR	Exon 10 of 30	ENSP00000410821.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 30

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1 Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Autosomal dominant Parkinson disease 8 Uncertain:1 Other:1

GeneReviews

Significance: not provided

Review Status: no classification provided

Collection Method: literature only

Oct 08, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with proline, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 1442 of the LRRK2 protein (p.Ala1442Pro). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with Parkinson disease (PMID: 17427941, 22243833). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 39185). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed for this missense variant. However, the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on LRRK2 protein function. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects LRRK2 function (PMID: 20642453, 24375786, 25009464, 35950872). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.36	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.28
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.58	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.84
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.75
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.90	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.15	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.22	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.4	M
PhyloP100		9.0
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.68	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.3	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.78
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.97
MutPred		0.87		Gain of glycosylation at A1442 (P = 0.0317)
MVP		0.93
MPC		0.53
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.6
PromoterAI		0.0036	Neutral
Varity_R		0.99
gMVP		0.91
Mutation Taster		=7/93	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs281865048; hg19: chr12-40704239;