chr18-51067120-TA-T

Position:

• chr18-51067120-TA-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Moderate

The NM_005359.6(SMAD4):​c.1242del​(p.Asp415ThrfsTer21) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: SMAD4 NM_005359.6 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.15

Genes affected

SMAD4 (HGNC:6770): (SMAD family member 4) This gene encodes a member of the Smad family of signal transduction proteins. Smad proteins are phosphorylated and activated by transmembrane serine-threonine receptor kinases in response to transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling. The product of this gene forms homomeric complexes and heteromeric complexes with other activated Smad proteins, which then accumulate in the nucleus and regulate the transcription of target genes. This protein binds to DNA and recognizes an 8-bp palindromic sequence (GTCTAGAC) called the Smad-binding element (SBE). The protein acts as a tumor suppressor and inhibits epithelial cell proliferation. It may also have an inhibitory effect on tumors by reducing angiogenesis and increasing blood vessel hyperpermeability. The encoded protein is a crucial component of the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway. The Smad proteins are subject to complex regulation by post-translational modifications. Mutations or deletions in this gene have been shown to result in pancreatic cancer, juvenile polyposis syndrome, and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 18-51067120-TA-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr18-51067120-TA-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 24847.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars. Variant chr18-51067120-TA-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SMAD4	NM_005359.6	c.1242del	p.Asp415ThrfsTer21	frameshift_variant	10/12	ENST00000342988.8	NP_005350.1
SMAD4	NM_001407041.1	c.1242del	p.Asp415ThrfsTer21	frameshift_variant	10/12		NP_001393970.1
SMAD4	NM_001407042.1	c.1242del	p.Asp415ThrfsTer21	frameshift_variant	10/12		NP_001393971.1
SMAD4	NR_176265.1	n.1780del		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	10/13

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SMAD4	ENST00000342988.8	c.1242del	p.Asp415ThrfsTer21	frameshift_variant	10/12	5	NM_005359.6	ENSP00000341551	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 28

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Juvenile polyposis syndrome Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Oct 11, 2018

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Loss-of-function variants in SMAD4 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 16152648, 16436638, 22810475). This variant has been observed in an individual affected with juvenile polyposis syndrome (PMID: 16152648). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 24847). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Asp415Thrfs*21) in the SMAD4 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.040		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs377767358; hg19: chr18-48593490; COSMIC: COSV104419344;