chr19-38440829-C-T

Variant names:

• chr19-38440829-C-T
• rs193922748
• NM_000540.3:c.130C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PS4_Moderate PS3_Moderate PM1 PP3_Moderate

This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: This pathogenicity assessment is relevant only for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS) inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Variants in RYR1 can also cause other myopathies inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern or in an autosomal recessive pattern. Some of these disorders may predispose individuals to malignant hyperthermia. RYR1 variants may also contribute to a malignant hyperthermia reaction in combination with other genetic and non-genetic factors and the clinician needs to consider such factors in making management decisions. This sequence variant predicts a substitution of cysteine at codon 44 of the RYR1 protein, p.(Arg44Cys). The maximum allele frequency for this variant among the six major gnomAD populations is AMR: 0.000029, a frequency consistent with pathogenicity for MHS. This variant has been reported in two unrelated individuals who have a personal or family history of a malignant hyperthermia reaction and a positive in vitro contracture test (IVCT) or caffeine halothane contracture test (CHCT) result (when the proband was unavailable for testing a positive diagnostic test result in a mutation positive relative was counted), PS4_Moderate (PMID:12709367, PMID:24433488). Functional studies in HEK293 cells show an increased sensitivity to RYR1 agonists, PS3_Moderate (PMID:23459219). This variant resides in a region of RYR1 considered to be a hotspot for pathogenic variants that contribute to MHS, PM1 (PMID:21118704). A REVEL score > 0.85 supports pathogenicity, PP3_Moderate. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. Criteria implemented: PS4_Moderate, PS3_Moderate, PM1, PP3_Moderate. LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA024034/MONDO:0007783/012

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RYR1 NM_000540.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic; drug response reviewed by expert panel P:10 U:1 O:8
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.58
• Publications: 13 publications found

Genes affected

RYR1 (HGNC:10483): (ryanodine receptor 1) This gene encodes a ryanodine receptor found in skeletal muscle. The encoded protein functions as a calcium release channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum but also serves to connect the sarcoplasmic reticulum and transverse tubule. Mutations in this gene are associated with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility, central core disease, and minicore myopathy with external ophthalmoplegia. Alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RYR1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics
• congenital multicore myopathy with external ophthalmoplegia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Genomics England PanelApp
• RYR1-related myopathy

  Inheritance: AR, AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• central core myopathy

  Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Genomics England PanelApp
• King-Denborough syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• benign Samaritan congenital myopathy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• congenital myopathy with myasthenic-like onset

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• lethal multiple pterygium syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points.

• PS3: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PS4: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PM1: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PP3: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000540.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	RYR1	NM_000540.3	MANE Select	c.130C>T	p.Arg44Cys	missense	Exon 2 of 106	NP_000531.2
	RYR1	NM_001042723.2		c.130C>T	p.Arg44Cys	missense	Exon 2 of 105	NP_001036188.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	RYR1	ENST00000359596.8	TSL:5 MANE Select	c.130C>T	p.Arg44Cys	missense	Exon 2 of 106	ENSP00000352608.2
	RYR1	ENST00000355481.8	TSL:1	c.130C>T	p.Arg44Cys	missense	Exon 2 of 105	ENSP00000347667.3
	RYR1	ENST00000594335.6	TSL:1	n.130C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 2 of 103	ENSP00000470927.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000413 AC: 1 AN: 241840 AF XY: 0.00000758

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000294

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000274 AC: 4 AN: 1458882 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 725604

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33462

American (AMR) AF: 0.0000225 AC: 1 AN: 44370

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26034

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39646

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 85768

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 52226

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5672

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000270 AC: 3 AN: 1111424

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60280

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.0000270 Hom.: 0

TwinsUK AF: 0.000270 AC: 1

ALSPAC AF: 0.00 AC: 0

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance: Likely pathogenic; drug response

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
3	1	-	not provided (5)
3	-	-	Malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 1 (3)
1	-	-	Central core myopathy (1)
1	-	-	King Denborough syndrome;C1850674:Congenital multicore myopathy with external ophthalmoplegia;C2930980:Malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 1;C5830701:Central core myopathy (1)
1	-	-	Malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia (1)
1	-	-	RYR1-related disorder (1)
-	-	-	desflurane response - Toxicity (1)
-	-	-	enflurane response - Toxicity (1)
-	-	-	halothane response - Toxicity (1)
-	-	-	isoflurane response - Toxicity (1)
-	-	-	methoxyflurane response - Toxicity (1)
-	-	-	sevoflurane response - Toxicity (1)
-	-	-	succinylcholine response - Toxicity (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.74
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.53	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.52
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.89	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.56
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.46
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	1.0	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.93	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.0	M
PhyloP100		2.6
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.81	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.2	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.95
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.81
MutPred		0.96		Gain of sheet (P = 0.1208)
MVP		0.92
MPC		1.2
ClinPred		0.95	D
GERP RS		3.8
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.65
gMVP		0.87
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs193922748; hg19: chr19-38931469; COSMIC: COSV62091925;