rs267608147

chr7-5999107-C-Achr7-5999107-C-Gchr7-5999107-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PVS1_Moderate PM2 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000535.7(PMS2):c.705+1G>T variant causes a splice donor change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PMS2 NM_000535.7 splice_donor
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.47

Genes affected

PMS2 (HGNC:9122): (PMS1 homolog 2, mismatch repair system component) The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the mismatch repair system that functions to correct DNA mismatches and small insertions and deletions that can occur during DNA replication and homologous recombination. This protein forms heterodimers with the gene product of the mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) gene to form the MutL-alpha heterodimer. The MutL-alpha heterodimer possesses an endonucleolytic activity that is activated following recognition of mismatches and insertion/deletion loops by the MutS-alpha and MutS-beta heterodimers, and is necessary for removal of the mismatched DNA. There is a DQHA(X)2E(X)4E motif found at the C-terminus of the protein encoded by this gene that forms part of the active site of the nuclease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC; also known as Lynch syndrome) and Turcot syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing variant, NOT destroyed by nmd, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.06450367 fraction of the gene. No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal is inframe change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: Splicing scoreres supports a deletorius effect: Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF, max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.
• PP5: Variant 7-5999107-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr7-5999107-C-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 91364.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr7-5999107-C-A is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic]. Variant chr7-5999107-C-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
PMS2	NM_000535.7	c.705+1G>T		splice_donor_variant		ENST00000265849.12

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
PMS2	ENST00000265849.12	c.705+1G>T		splice_donor_variant		1	NM_000535.7	P3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

Lynch syndrome Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, reviewed by expert panel

curation

International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT)

Jun 21, 2019

Interrupts canonical donor splice site -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Aug 04, 2022

Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of Lynch syndrome (PMID: 16619239, 18602922). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Studies have shown that disruption of this splice site is associated with altered splicing resulting in multiple RNA products (PMID: 23629955). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 91364). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 6 of the PMS2 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in PMS2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 21376568, 24362816). -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Jun 15, 2022

The c.705+1G>T intronic variant results from a G to T substitution one nucleotide after coding exon 6 of the PMS2 gene. Alterations that disrupt the canonical splice site are expected to result in aberrant splicing. In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will weaken the native splice donor site. RNA studies have demonstrated that this alteration results in abnormal splicing in the set of samples tested (Ambry internal data). The resulting transcript is predicted to be in-frame and is not expected to trigger nonsense-mediated mRNAdecay; however, direct evidence is insufficient at this time (Ambry internal data). The exact functional effect of the altered amino acid sequence is unknown; however, the impacted region is critical for protein function (Ambry internal data). Based on an internal structural analysis, the resulting predicted transcript would substantially disrupt the structure of the PMS2 ATPase domain (Guarné A et al. EMBO J, 2001 Oct;20:5521-31; Ambry internal data). In addition, this variant has been identified in probands whose Lynch syndrome-associated tumor demonstrated high microsatellite instability and loss of PMS2 expression by immunohistochemistry (Clendenning M et al. Hum. Mutat., 2006 May;27:490-5; Senter L et al. Gastroenterology, 2008 Aug;135:419-28; Ambry internal data). This variant is considered to be rare based on population cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). This nucleotide position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. Based on the majority of available evidence to date, this variant is likely to be pathogenic. -

Lynch syndrome 4 Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Sep 19, 2023

This variant is considered likely pathogenic. This variant occurs within a consensus splice junction and is predicted to result in abnormal mRNA splicing of either an out-of-frame exon or an in-frame exon necessary for protein stability and/or normal function. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.46	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.43
Cadd	Pathogenic	32
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.2
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	1.0
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D;D
GERP RS		5.6
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.94
SpliceAI score (max)		0.89		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.89		Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs267608147; hg19: chr7-6038738;