rs2971672

Variant names:

• chr7-44166307-A-C
• rs2971672
• NM_000162.5:c.46-12844T>G

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

• chr7-44166307-A-C
• chr7-44166307-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -12 ACMG points: 0P and 12B. BP4_Strong BA1

The NM_000162.5(GCK):​c.46-12844T>G variant causes a intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.439 in 151,932 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 15,243 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. The gene GCK is included in the ClinGen Criteria Specification Registry.

• Frequency: Genomes: 𝑓 0.44 (15243 hom., cov: 31)
• Consequence: GCK NM_000162.5 intron
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.231
• Publications: 14 publications found

Genes affected

GCK (HGNC:4195): (glucokinase) This gene encodes a member of the hexokinase family of proteins. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. The use of multiple promoters and alternative splicing of this gene result in distinct protein isoforms that exhibit tissue-specific expression in the pancreas and liver. In the pancreas, this enzyme plays a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while in the liver, this enzyme is important in glucose uptake and conversion to glycogen. Mutations in this gene that alter enzyme activity have been associated with multiple types of diabetes and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

GCK Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hyperinsulinism due to glucokinase deficiency

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Orphanet
• maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• monogenic diabetes

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
• transient neonatal diabetes mellitus

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• maturity-onset diabetes of the young

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Specifications for GCK are available in the ClinGen Criteria Specification Registry and recommended for reference when assigning criteria.

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -12 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.77).
• BA1: GnomAd4 highest subpopulation (AFR) allele frequency at 95% confidence interval = 0.577 is higher than 0.05.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000162.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GCK	NM_000162.5	MANE Select	c.46-12844T>G		intron	N/A	NP_000153.1	Q53Y25
	GCK	NM_001354800.1		c.46-12844T>G		intron	N/A	NP_001341729.1	A0A5F9ZGW4

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GCK	ENST00000403799.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.46-12844T>G		intron	N/A	ENSP00000384247.3	P35557-1
	GCK	ENST00000671824.1		c.46-12844T>G		intron	N/A	ENSP00000500264.1	A0A5F9ZHE0
	GCK	ENST00000673284.1		c.46-12844T>G		intron	N/A	ENSP00000499852.1	A0A5F9ZGW4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.439 AC: 66647 AN: 151814 Hom.: 15226 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.583

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.295

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.388

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.371

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.433

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.370

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.432

Gnomad MID AF: 0.367

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.376

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.410

We have no GnomAD4 exomes data on this position. Probably position not covered by the project.

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.439 AC: 66695 AN: 151932 Hom.: 15243 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.440 AC XY: 32671 AN XY: 74246

African (AFR) AF: 0.583 AC: 24136 AN: 41420

American (AMR) AF: 0.388 AC: 5927 AN: 15276

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.371 AC: 1289 AN: 3470

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.433 AC: 2230 AN: 5152

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.369 AC: 1778 AN: 4824

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.432 AC: 4543 AN: 10514

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.357 AC: 105 AN: 294

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.376 AC: 25562 AN: 67966

Other (OTH) AF: 0.407 AC: 857 AN: 2106

Alfa AF: 0.420 Hom.: 1682

Bravo AF: 0.444

Asia WGS AF: 0.395 AC: 1372 AN: 3478

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.77
CADD	Benign	7.6
DANN	Benign	0.86
PhyloP100		0.23
Mutation Taster		=100/0	polymorphism (auto)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs2971672; hg19: chr7-44205906;