rs397516816

Positions:

• chr3-12585689-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP2

The NM_002880.4(RAF1):​c.1528C>T​(p.Leu510Phe) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,508 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RAF1 NM_002880.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.29

Genes affected

RAF1 (HGNC:9829): (Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

MKRN2 (HGNC:7113): (makorin ring finger protein 2) This gene encodes a probable E3 ubiquitin ligase containing several zinc finger domains, that is a member of the makorin RING zinc-finger protein family. This gene overlaps the v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (RAF1) gene in an antisense orientation and may have a co-regulatory function with RAF1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a domain Protein kinase (size 260) in uniprot entity RAF1_HUMAN there are 6 pathogenic changes around while only 1 benign (86%) in NM_002880.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), RAF1. . Gene score misZ 2.4628 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 3.4185 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with Noonan syndrome 5, dilated cardiomyopathy 1NN, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, Noonan syndrome, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, LEOPARD syndrome 2, Costello syndrome.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RAF1	NM_002880.4	c.1528C>T	p.Leu510Phe	missense_variant	14/17	ENST00000251849.9	NP_002871.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RAF1	ENST00000251849.9	c.1528C>T	p.Leu510Phe	missense_variant	14/17	1	NM_002880.4	ENSP00000251849	P3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1460508 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 726718

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 9.00e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Aug 18, 2010

The Leu510Phe variant has not been previously reported in the literature or been identified in our laboratory in over 900 Caucasian chromosomes analyzed. The Le u510 residue is completely conserved across species and some computational analy ses (PolyPhen, SIFT) suggest that this variant may impact the normal function of the protein. However, this information is not predictive enough to assume that this variant is responsible for the clinical features observed in this individua l. In summary, the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined wi th certainty at this time; however based upon the arguments described above, we lean towards a more likely pathogenic role. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.68
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.23	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.10
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.86	D;.;D
Eigen	Benign	0.011
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.010
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.96	D;D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.29	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.71	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.0020	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.41	N;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.74	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.5	D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.70
Sift	Benign	0.062	T;T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.065	T;T;T
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;.
Vest4		0.80
MutPred		0.45		Gain of glycosylation at T506 (P = 0.1484);.;.;
MVP		0.90
MPC		2.3
ClinPred		0.91	D
GERP RS		3.4
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.72
gMVP		0.70

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs397516816; hg19: chr3-12627188; COSMIC: COSV50104308; COSMIC: COSV50104308;