rs563085221

Positions:

• chr8-143924558-C-A
• chr8-143924558-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 2P and 1B. PM2 BP4

The ENST00000345136.8(PLEC):​c.5371G>T​(p.Ala1791Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000789 in 1,394,512 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 13/20 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A1791T) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 34)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000079 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PLEC ENST00000345136.8 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.06

Genes affected

PLEC (HGNC:9069): (plectin) Plectin is a prominent member of an important family of structurally and in part functionally related proteins, termed plakins or cytolinkers, that are capable of interlinking different elements of the cytoskeleton. Plakins, with their multi-domain structure and enormous size, not only play crucial roles in maintaining cell and tissue integrity and orchestrating dynamic changes in cytoarchitecture and cell shape, but also serve as scaffolding platforms for the assembly, positioning, and regulation of signaling complexes (reviewed in PMID: 9701547, 11854008, and 17499243). Plectin is expressed as several protein isoforms in a wide range of cell types and tissues from a single gene located on chromosome 8 in humans (PMID: 8633055, 8698233). Until 2010, this locus was named plectin 1 (symbol PLEC1 in human; Plec1 in mouse and rat) and the gene product had been referred to as "hemidesmosomal protein 1" or "plectin 1, intermediate filament binding 500kDa". These names were superseded by plectin. The plectin gene locus in mouse on chromosome 15 has been analyzed in detail (PMID: 10556294, 14559777), revealing a genomic exon-intron organization with well over 40 exons spanning over 62 kb and an unusual 5' transcript complexity of plectin isoforms. Eleven exons (1-1j) have been identified that alternatively splice directly into a common exon 2 which is the first exon to encode plectin's highly conserved actin binding domain (ABD). Three additional exons (-1, 0a, and 0) splice into an alternative first coding exon (1c), and two additional exons (2alpha and 3alpha) are optionally spliced within the exons encoding the acting binding domain (exons 2-8). Analysis of the human locus has identified eight of the eleven alternative 5' exons found in mouse and rat (PMID: 14672974); exons 1i, 1j and 1h have not been confirmed in human. Furthermore, isoforms lacking the central rod domain encoded by exon 31 have been detected in mouse (PMID:10556294), rat (PMID: 9177781), and human (PMID: 11441066, 10780662, 20052759). The short alternative amino-terminal sequences encoded by the different first exons direct the targeting of the various isoforms to distinct subcellular locations (PMID: 14559777). As the expression of specific plectin isoforms was found to be dependent on cell type (tissue) and stage of development (PMID: 10556294, 12542521, 17389230) it appears that each cell type (tissue) contains a unique set (proportion and composition) of plectin isoforms, as if custom-made for specific requirements of the particular cells. Concordantly, individual isoforms were found to carry out distinct and specific functions (PMID: 14559777, 12542521, 18541706). In 1996, a number of groups reported that patients suffering from epidermolysis bullosa simplex with muscular dystrophy (EBS-MD) lacked plectin expression in skin and muscle tissues due to defects in the plectin gene (PMID: 8698233, 8941634, 8636409, 8894687, 8696340). Two other subtypes of plectin-related EBS have been described: EBS-pyloric atresia (PA) and EBS-Ogna. For reviews of plectin-related diseases see PMID: 15810881, 19945614. Mutations in the plectin gene related to human diseases should be named based on the position in NM_000445 (variant 1, isoform 1c), unless the mutation is located within one of the other alternative first exons, in which case the position in the respective Reference Sequence should be used. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.28170222).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PLEC	NM_201384.3	c.5371G>T	p.Ala1791Ser	missense_variant	31/32	ENST00000345136.8	NP_958786.1
PLEC	NM_201378.4	c.5329G>T	p.Ala1777Ser	missense_variant	31/32	ENST00000356346.7	NP_958780.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PLEC	ENST00000345136.8	c.5371G>T	p.Ala1791Ser	missense_variant	31/32	1	NM_201384.3	ENSP00000344848
PLEC	ENST00000356346.7	c.5329G>T	p.Ala1777Ser	missense_variant	31/32	1	NM_201378.4	ENSP00000348702

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000789 AC: 11 AN: 1394512 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 68 AF XY: 0.0000130 AC XY: 9 AN XY: 689710

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000101

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 34

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.11
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.081	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.35
CADD	Benign	22
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.055	.;.;.;.;T;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Benign	0.069
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.13
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.73	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.41	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.28	T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.16	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.70	.;.;.;.;N;.;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	0.57	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.65	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.31	N;N;N;N;N;N;N;N;N
REVEL	Benign	0.21
Sift	Benign	0.25	T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.52	T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T
Polyphen		0.95	P;P;P;P;P;P;P;P;.
Vest4		0.34
MutPred		0.16		.;.;.;.;Gain of phosphorylation at A1928 (P = 0.0026);.;.;.;.;
MVP		0.67
ClinPred		0.52	D
GERP RS		4.2
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.97
RBP_regulation_power_radar		2.1
Varity_R		0.066
gMVP		0.39

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs563085221; hg19: chr8-144998726;