rs63750725

chr2-47800298-G-Achr2-47800298-G-Cchr2-47800298-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1PM5PP3_Strong

The NM_000179.3(MSH6):c.2315G>A(p.Arg772Gln) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000173 in 1,613,882 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R772W) has been classified as Pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000017 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MSH6
NM_000179.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 9.93

Variant links:

Genes affected

MSH6 (HGNC:7329): (mutS homolog 6) This gene encodes a member of the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. In E. coli, the MutS protein helps in the recognition of mismatched nucleotides prior to their repair. A highly conserved region of approximately 150 aa, called the Walker-A adenine nucleotide binding motif, exists in MutS homologs. The encoded protein heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form a mismatch recognition complex that functions as a bidirectional molecular switch that exchanges ADP and ATP as DNA mismatches are bound and dissociated. Mutations in this gene may be associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer, colorectal cancer, and endometrial cancer. Transcripts variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

MSH6 links:

FBXO11 (HGNC:13590): (F-box protein 11) This gene encodes a member of the F-box protein family which is characterized by an approximately 40 amino acid motif, the F-box. The F-box proteins constitute one of the four subunits of ubiquitin protein ligase complex called SCFs (SKP1-cullin-F-box), which function in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination. The F-box proteins are divided into 3 classes: Fbws containing WD-40 domains, Fbls containing leucine-rich repeats, and Fbxs containing either different protein-protein interaction modules or no recognizable motifs. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Fbxs class. It can function as an arginine methyltransferase that symmetrically dimethylates arginine residues, and it acts as an adaptor protein to mediate the neddylation of p53, which leads to the suppression of p53 function. This gene is known to be down-regulated in melanocytes from patients with vitiligo, a skin disorder that results in depigmentation. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with chronic otitis media with effusion and recurrent otitis media (COME/ROM), a hearing loss disorder, and the knockout of the homologous mouse gene results in the deaf mouse mutant Jeff (Jf), a single gene model of otitis media. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

FBXO11 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 6 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 16 uncertain in NM_000179.3

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr2-47800297-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 89267.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.989

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MSH6	NM_000179.3 linkuse as main transcript	c.2315G>A	p.Arg772Gln	missense_variant	4/10	ENST00000234420.11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MSH6	ENST00000234420.11 linkuse as main transcript	c.2315G>A	p.Arg772Gln	missense_variant	4/10	1	NM_000179.3	P4	P52701-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152006

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000159

AC:

AN:

251132

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000147

AC XY:

AN XY:

135712

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000353

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000171

AC:

AN:

1461876

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000151

AC XY:

AN XY:

727238

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000497

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152006

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74212

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000712

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000270

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Feb 02, 2023	This missense variant replaces arginine with glutamine at codon 772 of the MSH6 protein. A different variant affecting the same position c.2314C>T (p.Arg772Trp) is considered to be disease-causing (ClinVar variation ID: 89267). Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold >= 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been performed for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual with multiple adenomas who also had a MSH6 nonsense mutation (PMID: 25985138). This variant has been identified in 5/282522 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). A different variant affecting the same codon, c.2314C>T (p.Arg772Trp), is considered to be disease-causing (ClinVar variation ID: 89267), suggesting that this position is important for the protein function. The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Mar 08, 2023	The p.R772Q variant (also known as c.2315G>A), located in coding exon 4 of the MSH6 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 2315. The arginine at codon 772 is replaced by glutamine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This alteration has been detected in conjunction with a pathogenic MSH6 mutation (phase unknown) in an individual with an unspecified number of multiple adenomas (Taylor JC et al. Nat Genet. 2015 Jul;47(7):717-26). In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Lynch syndrome

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

University of Washington Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington

May 01, 2018

MSH6 NM_000179.2:c.2315G>A has a 63.2% probability of pathogenicity based on combining prior probability from public data with a likelihood ratio of 0.20 to 1, generated from evidence of seeing this as a somatic mutation in a tumor without loss of heterozygosity at the MSH6 locus. See Shirts et al 2018, PMID 29887214. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Sep 26, 2019

Not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek 2016); In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports a deleterious effect; Observed as a germline variant in an individual with multiple adenomas who also carried an MSH6 nonsense variant (phase not determined), and as a somatic variant in a colon tumor exhibiting microsatellite instability in an individual with a germline MSH6 variant on the opposite allele (Ohmiya 2001, Taylor 2015); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 14974087, 18176851, 28514183, 11470537, 23621914, 25985138, 25307252, 8176851, 29548617, 24323032, 29887214) -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Dec 08, 2023

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with glutamine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 772 of the MSH6 protein (p.Arg772Gln). This variant is present in population databases (rs63750725, gnomAD 0.004%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with colorectal adenomas who also had a pathogenic MSH6 variant (PMID: 25985138). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 237155). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt MSH6 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. This variant disrupts the p.Arg772 amino acid residue in MSH6. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 14974087, 18176851, 23621914, 24323032, 25307252, 26333163, 28449805, 28514183; Invitae). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.84

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.48

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.57

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Pathogenic

1.0

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.98

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.92

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.58

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D;D

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.63

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

.;.;D;.;.

Vest4

0.96

MutPred

0.93

.;.;Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.123);.;.;

MVP

0.98

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

5.5

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.96

gMVP

0.85

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over