rs781633384

Variant names:

• chr4-54695550-C-A
• rs781633384
• NM_000222.3:c.106C>A

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

• chr4-54695550-C-A
• chr4-54695550-C-G
• chr4-54695550-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 3P and 4B. PM2 PP2 BP4_Strong

The NM_000222.3(KIT):​c.106C>A​(p.Pro36Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,872 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 17/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. P36S) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: KIT NM_000222.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.625
• Publications: 10 publications found

Genes affected

KIT (HGNC:6342): (KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) This gene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase. This gene was initially identified as a homolog of the feline sarcoma viral oncogene v-kit and is often referred to as proto-oncogene c-Kit. The canonical form of this glycosylated transmembrane protein has an N-terminal extracellular region with five immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane region, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain at the C-terminus. Upon activation by its cytokine ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), this protein phosphorylates multiple intracellular proteins that play a role in in the proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of many cell types and thereby plays an important role in hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, melanogenesis, and in mast cell development, migration and function. This protein can be a membrane-bound or soluble protein. Mutations in this gene are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mast cell disease, acute myelogenous leukemia, and piebaldism. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]

KIT Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• gastrointestinal stromal tumor

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• piebaldism

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: PanelApp Australia, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Genomics England PanelApp
• cutaneous mastocytosis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• mastocytosis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the KIT gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 54 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 7 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 2.5806 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 4.1549 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to cutaneous mastocytosis, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, mastocytosis, piebaldism.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.054358035).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
KIT	NM_000222.3	c.106C>A	p.Pro36Thr	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 21	ENST00000288135.6	NP_000213.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
KIT	ENST00000288135.6	c.106C>A	p.Pro36Thr	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 21	1	NM_000222.3	ENSP00000288135.6

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251170 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000881

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461872 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727236

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33478

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53414

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1112000

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Uncertain:1

Oct 26, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be tolerated. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 1004598). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with KIT-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs781633384, gnomAD 0.0009%). This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 36 of the KIT protein (p.Pro36Thr). -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Feb 12, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.P36T variant (also known as c.106C>A), located in coding exon 2 of the KIT gene, results from a C to A substitution at nucleotide position 106. The proline at codon 36 is replaced by threonine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.089
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.16	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.47
CADD	Benign	10
DANN	Benign	0.63
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.25	.;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.75
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.77
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.36	N
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.020	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.054	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.6	L;L
PhyloP100		0.63
PrimateAI	Benign	0.31	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.2	N;N
REVEL	Benign	0.032
Sift	Benign	0.23	T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.40	T;T
Polyphen		0.050	B;B
Vest4		0.19
MutPred		0.21		Loss of glycosylation at P36 (P = 0.0068);Loss of glycosylation at P36 (P = 0.0068);
MVP		0.62
MPC		0.55
ClinPred		0.038	T
GERP RS		0.50
Varity_R		0.072
gMVP		0.42
Mutation Taster		=94/6	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs781633384; hg19: chr4-55561716; COSMIC: COSV55386662;