CENPA

protein-coding

centromere protein A, the group of Constitutive centromere associated network|H3 histones

Gene summary

Centromeres are the differentiated chromosomal domains that specify the mitotic behavior of chromosomes. This gene encodes a centromere protein which contains a histone H3 related histone fold domain that is required for targeting to the centromere. Centromere protein A is proposed to be a component of a modified nucleosome or nucleosome-like structure in which it replaces 1 or both copies of conventional histone H3 in the (H3-H4)2 tetrameric core of the nucleosome particle. The protein is a replication-independent histone that is a member of the histone H3 family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

MANE transcript

NM_001809.4

Inheritance

—

ClinVar variants

U:12B:1

Top phenotype

—

gnomAD constraint

pLI —, LoF o/e 0.52

Max pathogenic AF

—

Genomic locus

chr2:26,764,289-26,801,067

External References & Databases

Ensembl (ENSG00000115163)

Transcript & Mutation Effects

hg38 • Region Span ~36.8 kb

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GenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations

Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns

No GenCC data available for this gene.

ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes

Reported disease conditions connected to CENPA variants in ClinVar

1 Conditions Cataloged

not specifiedTotal: 12

ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type

Statistics based on transcript NM_001809.4. Only rare variants are included.

We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.

Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.

Effect	PathogenicP	Likely pathogenicLP	VUS	Likely benignLB	BenignB	Sum
synonymous						0
missense			12 clinvar	1 clinvar		13
nonsense						0
start loss						0
frameshift						0
splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp)						0
Total	0	0	12	1	0	13

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Transcript Catalog

Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases

Showing 4 of 14 transcripts

Transcript ID	Source	Protein ID	Coding Exons	MANE Status
NM_001809.4	RefSeq	NP_001800.1	4	MANE Select
ENST00000335756.9	Ensembl	ENSP00000336868.4	4	MANE Select
NM_001042426.2	RefSeq	NP_001035891.1	3	Standard
ENST00000233505.12	Ensembl	ENSP00000233505.8	3	Standard

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways

Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways

Pathways ConsensusPathDB

Signal Transduction
Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal
Amplification of signal from the kinetochores
Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint
Cell Cycle Checkpoints

Biological Process

establishment of mitotic spindle orientation
mitotic cytokinesis
viral process
CENP-A containing nucleosome assembly
kinetochore assembly

Molecular Function

chromatin binding
protein binding
nucleosomal DNA binding
protein heterodimerization activity

Cellular Component

chromosome, centromeric region
condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore
condensed nuclear chromosome, centromeric region
nucleosome
nuclear nucleosome

gnomAD Constraint

Source: gnomAD

Gene type: protein_coding
Transcript type: protein_coding
Transcript: ENST00000335756
Coding exons: 4
Length: 36779
Individuals with no LoFs: 125743
Homozygous LoFs: 0
Heterozygous LoFs: 5
Defined: 125748
p: 0.0000199

	Z-Score	Observed	Expected	Observed/Expected	Mutation Rate	Total Possible
Missense	1.73	31	72.3	0.429	0.00000453	879
Missense (PolyPhen)		6	32.761	0.18315		359
Synonymous	0.0705	26	26.5	0.983	0.00000132	307
Loss of Function	1.23	4	7.67	0.521	5.00e-7	77

Population LoF Frequency

Population	CAF	p-value	Status
African	0.000064	0.000062	rare
Latino/Admixed American	0	0.0	absent
Ashkenazi Jewish	0	0.0	absent
East Asian	0.00011	0.00011	rare
Finnish	0	0.0	absent
European (Non-Finnish)	0.000018	0.000018	rare
South Asian	0	0.0	absent
Other	0	0.0	absent

dbNSFP Gene Annotations

Source: dbNSFP

Function: FUNCTION: Histone H3-like nucleosomal protein that is specifically found in centromeric nucleosomes (PubMed:7962047, PubMed:9024683, PubMed:11756469, PubMed:14667408, PubMed:15702419, PubMed:15475964, PubMed:15282608, PubMed:17651496, PubMed:19114591, PubMed:27499292, PubMed:20739937). Replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin at the inner plate of the kinetochore (PubMed:18072184). The presence of CENPA subtly modifies the nucleosome structure and the way DNA is wrapped around the nucleosome and gives rise to protruding DNA ends that are less well-ordered and rigid compared to nucleosomes containing histone H3 (PubMed:27499292, PubMed:26878239). May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division (PubMed:15475964, PubMed:15282608, PubMed:26878239, PubMed:20739937, PubMed:21478274). Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, and as a consequence required for progress through mitosis, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis (PubMed:11756469, PubMed:14667408, PubMed:18072184, PubMed:23818633, PubMed:25556658, PubMed:27499292). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11756469, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14667408, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15282608, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15475964, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15702419, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17651496, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18072184, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19114591, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21478274, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23818633, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25556658, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26878239, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27499292, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7962047, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9024683, ECO:0000305|PubMed:20739937}.;

Recessive Scores

pRec: 0.0790

Intolerance Scores

LoFtool: 0.639
RVIS EVS: -0.03
RVIS percentile EVS: 51.04

Essentials

Essential (CRISPR): E
Essential (CRISPR2): E
Essential (gene trap): E
Indispensability pred.: E
Indispensability score: 0.992

Gene Damage Prediction

	All	Recessive	Dominant
Mendelian	Medium	Medium	Medium
Primary Immunodeficiency	Medium	Medium	Medium
Cancer	Medium	Medium	Medium