CH25H
protein-codingcholesterol 25-hydroxylase, the group of Fatty acid hydroxylase domain containing
Gene summary
This is an intronless gene that is involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism. The encoded protein is a membrane protein and contains clusters of histidine residues essential for catalytic activity. Unlike most other sterol hydroxylases, this enzyme is a member of a small family of enzymes that utilize diiron cofactors to catalyze the hydroxylation of hydrophobic substrates. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~1.7 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
No GenCC data available for this gene.
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to CH25H variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_003956.4. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 0 | |||||
| missense | 41 | 1 | 42 | |||
| nonsense | 0 | |||||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 0 | |||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 0 | |||||
| Total | 0 | 0 | 41 | 1 | 0 | 42 |
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_003947.1 | 1 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000360918.2 | 1 | MANE Select |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Pathways ConsensusPathDB
- Primary bile acid biosynthesis - Homo sapiens (human)
- 27-Hydroxylase Deficiency
- Bile Acid Biosynthesis
- Congenital Bile Acid Synthesis Defect Type II
- Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis (CTX)
Biological Process
- lipid metabolic process
- bile acid biosynthetic process
- cholesterol metabolic process
- sterol biosynthetic process
- B cell chemotaxis
Molecular Function
- C-4 methylsterol oxidase activity
- cholesterol 25-hydroxylase activity
- iron ion binding
- steroid hydroxylase activity
Cellular Component
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- cytosol
- integral component of membrane
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000371852
- Coding exons
- 1
- Length
- 1378
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 0
- Homozygous LoFs
- 0
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 0
- Defined
- 0
- p
- 0.00
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | 0.382 | 135 | 148 | 0.912 | 0.00000711 | 1773 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 39 | 57.44 | 0.67896 | 708 | ||
| Synonymous | 0.0337 | 70 | 70.4 | 0.995 | 0.00000363 | 564 |
| Loss of Function | 1.80 | 2 | 7.21 | 0.277 | 3.16e-7 | 62 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| East Asian | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Finnish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| South Asian | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Other | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of 25-hydroxycholesterol from cholesterol, leading to repress cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes (PubMed:9852097). Plays a key role in cell positioning and movement in lymphoid tissues: 25-hydroxycholesterol is an intermediate in biosynthesis of 7-alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7-alpha,25-OHC), an oxysterol that acts as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR183/EBI2, a chemotactic receptor for a number of lymphoid cells. May play an important role in regulating lipid metabolism by synthesizing a corepressor that blocks sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) processing. In testis, production of 25-hydroxycholesterol by macrophages may play a role in Leydig cell differentiation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Z0F5, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9852097}.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.172
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.344
- RVIS EVS
- -0.3
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 32.62
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- N
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- N
- Indispensability score
- 0.195
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Cancer | Medium | Medium | Medium |