CST8
protein-codingcystatin 8, the group of Cystatins, type 2
Gene summary
The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins and the kininogens. The type 2 cystatin proteins are a class of cysteine proteinase inhibitors found in a variety of human fluids and secretions. The cystatin locus on chromosome 20 contains the majority of the type 2 cystatin genes and pseudogenes. This gene is located in the cystatin locus and encodes a protein similar to type 2 cystatins. The encoded protein exhibits highly tissue-specific expression in the reproductive tract, suggesting implicit roles in reproduction. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~4.9 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
No GenCC data available for this gene.
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to CST8 variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_005492.4. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 0 | |||||
| missense | 29 | 2 | 31 | |||
| nonsense | 0 | |||||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 0 | |||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 0 | |||||
| Total | 0 | 0 | 29 | 2 | 0 | 31 |
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_005483.1 | 3 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000246012.1 | 3 | MANE Select | |
| RefSeq | NP_001268659.1 | 3 | Standard | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000399144.1 | 3 | Standard |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Biological Process
- negative regulation of endopeptidase activity
Molecular Function
- cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
Cellular Component
- extracellular region
- cytoplasm
- cell surface
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000246012
- Coding exons
- 3
- Length
- 4918
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 125694
- Homozygous LoFs
- 0
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 53
- Defined
- 125747
- p
- 0.000211
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | -1.26 | 106 | 75.3 | 1.41 | 0.00000399 | 928 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 30 | 21.358 | 1.4046 | 274 | ||
| Synonymous | -0.842 | 36 | 30.1 | 1.20 | 0.00000167 | 266 |
| Loss of Function | 0.490 | 4 | 5.21 | 0.768 | 2.22e-7 | 63 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0.000029 | 0.000029 | rare |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| East Asian | 0.0017 | 0.0017 | notable |
| Finnish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0.00015 | 0.00015 | rare |
| South Asian | 0.000065 | 0.000065 | rare |
| Other | 0.00016 | 0.00016 | rare |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Performs a specialized role during sperm development and maturation.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.275
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.515
- RVIS EVS
- 0.15
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 64.51
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- N
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- N
- Indispensability score
- 0.317
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Cancer | Medium | Medium | Medium |