CYP1B1

Highest pathogenic variant AF is 0.00040057572

Gene type

protein_coding

Transcript type

protein_coding

Transcript

ENST00000260630

Coding exons

2

Length

42929

Individuals with no LoFs

125543

Homozygous LoFs

0

Heterozygous LoFs

203

Defined

125746

p

0.000808

Function

FUNCTION: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, retinoid and xenobiotics. Preferentially oxidizes 17beta- estradiol to the carcinogenic 4-hydroxy derivative, and a variety of procarcinogenic compounds to their activated forms, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Promotes angiogenesis by removing cellular oxygenation products, thereby decreasing oxidative stress, release of antiangiogenic factor THBS2, then allowing endothelial cells migration, cell adhesion and capillary morphogenesis. These changes are concommitant with the endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and nitric oxide synthesis. Plays an important role in the regulation of perivascular cell proliferation, migration, and survival through modulation of the intracellular oxidative state and NF-kappa-B expression and/or activity, during angiogenesis. Contributes to oxidative homeostasis and ultrastructural organization and function of trabecular meshwork tissue through modulation of POSTN expression. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10426814, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15258110, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22888116, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23821647}.;

Disease

DISEASE: Anterior segment dysgenesis 6 (ASGD6) [MIM:617315]: A form of anterior segment dysgenesis, a group of defects affecting anterior structures of the eye including cornea, iris, lens, trabecular meshwork, and Schlemm canal. Anterior segment dysgeneses result from abnormal migration or differentiation of the neural crest derived mesenchymal cells that give rise to components of the anterior chamber during eye development. Different anterior segment anomalies may exist alone or in combination, including iris hypoplasia, enlarged or reduced corneal diameter, corneal vascularization and opacity, posterior embryotoxon, corectopia, polycoria, abnormal iridocorneal angle, ectopia lentis, and anterior synechiae between the iris and posterior corneal surface. Clinical conditions falling within the phenotypic spectrum of anterior segment dysgeneses include aniridia, Axenfeld anomaly, Reiger anomaly/syndrome, Peters anomaly, and iridogoniodysgenesis. ASGD6 patients predominantly manifest Peters anomaly. Peters anomaly consists of corneal leukoma, defects in the posterior structures of the cornea such as absence of the posterior corneal stroma and Descemet membrane, and a variable degree of iridocorneal and/or keratolenticular adhesions. Over 50% of patients develop glaucoma in childhood. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11403040}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Glaucoma 3, primary congenital, A (GLC3A) [MIM:231300]: An autosomal recessive form of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). PCG is characterized by marked increase of intraocular pressure at birth or early childhood, large ocular globes (buphthalmos) and corneal edema. It results from developmental defects of the trabecular meshwork and anterior chamber angle of the eye that prevent adequate drainage of aqueous humor. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10227395, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655546, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11184479, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11527932, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11774072, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11980847, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12036985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12525557, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14635112, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14640114, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15255109, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15342693, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15475877, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16490498, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16688110, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16735994, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16862072, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18470941, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9463332, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9497261}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting distinct genetic loci, including the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Glaucoma 1, open angle, A (GLC1A) [MIM:137750]: A form of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). POAG is characterized by a specific pattern of optic nerve and visual field defects. The angle of the anterior chamber of the eye is open, and usually the intraocular pressure is increased. However, glaucoma can occur at any intraocular pressure. The disease is generally asymptomatic until the late stages, by which time significant and irreversible optic nerve damage has already taken place. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11774072}. Note=The gene represented in this entry acts as a disease modifier. Digenic mutations in CYP1B1 and MYOC have been found in a family segregating both primary adult- onset and juvenile forms of open angle glaucoma (PubMed:11774072). All affected family members with mutations in both MYOC and CYP1B1 had juvenile glaucoma, whereas those with only the MYOC mutation had the adult-onset form (PubMed:11774072). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11774072}.;