EFNA4
protein-codingephrin A4, the group of Ephrins
Gene summary
This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNA class ephrin that has been implicated in proliferation and metastasis of several types of cancers. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]
- EPLG4
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~5.8 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
Inheritance Pattern: AD
Disease ID:MONDO:0015469
Submitter: PanelApp Australia
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to EFNA4 variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_005227.3. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 7 | 7 | ||||
| missense | 28 | 3 | 31 | |||
| nonsense | 0 | |||||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 1 | 1 | ||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Total | 0 | 0 | 30 | 10 | 0 | 40 |
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_005218.1 | 4 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000357394.3 | 4 | MANE Select | |
| RefSeq | NP_001393739.1 | 3 | Standard | |
| RefSeq | NP_872631.1 | 4 | Standard |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Pathways ConsensusPathDB
- PI3K-Akt signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
- Axon guidance - Homo sapiens (human)
- Rap1 signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
- Ras signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
- MAPK signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
Biological Process
- cell-cell signaling
- axon guidance
- osteoclast differentiation
- bone remodeling
- ephrin receptor signaling pathway
Molecular Function
- transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity
- protein binding
- ephrin receptor binding
Cellular Component
- extracellular region
- plasma membrane
- anchored component of membrane
- intrinsic component of plasma membrane
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000427683
- Coding exons
- 4
- Length
- 5823
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 125719
- Homozygous LoFs
- 0
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 20
- Defined
- 125739
- p
- 0.0000795
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | 0.760 | 91 | 114 | 0.799 | 0.00000615 | 1288 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 32 | 42.433 | 0.75413 | 478 | ||
| Synonymous | 0.289 | 45 | 47.5 | 0.947 | 0.00000268 | 445 |
| Loss of Function | 0.655 | 6 | 8.00 | 0.750 | 4.00e-7 | 90 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0.00015 | 0.00014 | rare |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| East Asian | 0.00011 | 0.00011 | rare |
| Finnish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0.000080 | 0.000079 | rare |
| South Asian | 0.00011 | 0.000098 | rare |
| Other | 0.00016 | 0.00016 | rare |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Cell surface GPI-bound ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. May play a role in the interaction between activated B-lymphocytes and dendritic cells in tonsils.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.118
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.283
- RVIS EVS
- -0.16
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 41.64
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- N
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- E
- Indispensability score
- 0.861
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Cancer | Medium | Medium | Medium |