FBN1

Highest pathogenic variant AF is 0.00008426479

Gene type

protein_coding

Transcript type

protein_coding

Transcript

ENST00000316623

Coding exons

65

Length

237544

Individuals with no LoFs

125733

Homozygous LoFs

0

Heterozygous LoFs

14

Defined

125747

p

0.0000557

Function

FUNCTION: Fibrillin-1: Structural component of the 10-12 nm diameter microfibrils of the extracellular matrix, which conveys both structural and regulatory properties to load-bearing connective tissues (PubMed:1860873, PubMed:15062093). Fibrillin-1- containing microfibrils provide long-term force bearing structural support. In tissues such as the lung, blood vessels and skin, microfibrils form the periphery of the elastic fiber, acting as a scaffold for the deposition of elastin. In addition, microfibrils can occur as elastin-independent networks in tissues such as the ciliary zonule, tendon, cornea and glomerulus where they provide tensile strength and have anchoring roles. Fibrillin-1 also plays a key role in tissue homeostasis through specific interactions with growth factors, such as the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) and latent transforming growth factor-beta-binding proteins (LTBPs), cell- surface integrins and other extracellular matrix protein and proteoglycan components (PubMed:27026396). Regulates osteoblast maturation by controlling TGF-beta bioavailability and calibrating TGF-beta and BMP levels, respectively (By similarity). Negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis by binding and sequestering an osteoclast differentiation and activation factor TNFSF11. This leads to disruption of TNFSF11-induced Ca(2+) signaling and impairment of TNFSF11-mediated nuclear translocation and activation of transcription factor NFATC1 which regulates genes important for osteoclast differentiation and function (PubMed:24039232). Mediates cell adhesion via its binding to cell surface receptors integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA5:ITGB1 (PubMed:12807887, PubMed:17158881). Binds heparin and this interaction has an important role in the assembly of microfibrils (PubMed:11461921). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q61554, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11461921, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12807887, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15062093, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17158881, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1860873, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24039232, ECO:0000303|PubMed:27026396}.;

Disease

DISEASE: Marfan syndrome (MFS) [MIM:154700]: A hereditary disorder of connective tissue that affects the skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular systems. A wide variety of skeletal abnormalities occurs with Marfan syndrome, including scoliosis, chest wall deformity, tall stature, abnormal joint mobility. Ectopia lentis occurs in most of the patients and is almost always bilateral. The leading cause of premature death is progressive dilation of the aortic root and ascending aorta, causing aortic incompetence and dissection. Neonatal Marfan syndrome is the most severe form resulting in death from cardiorespiratory failure in the first few years of life. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10425041, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10441597, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10694921, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11700157, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11826022, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12161601, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12203992, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12402346, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1301946, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14695540, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15161917, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15221638, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1569206, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16220557, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16222657, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17657824, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18435798, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1852208, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19533785, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19941982, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20803651, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21542060, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772377, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7611299, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7738200, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7762551, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7870075, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7951214, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7977366, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8004112, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8040326, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8071963, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8136837, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8281141, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8406497, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8504310, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8863159, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8882780, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9016526, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9254848, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9338581, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9401003, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9452085, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9837823, ECO:0000269|Ref.68}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The majority of the more than thousand mutations in FBN1 currently known are point mutations, the rest are frameshifts and splice site mutations. Marfan syndrome has been suggested in at least 2 historical figures, Abraham Lincoln and Paganini.; DISEASE: Ectopia lentis 1, isolated, autosomal dominant (ECTOL1) [MIM:129600]: An ocular abnormality characterized by partial or complete displacement of the lens from its space resulting from defective zonule formation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11700157, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11826022, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12203992, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17657824, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8188302}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Weill-Marchesani syndrome 2 (WMS2) [MIM:608328]: A rare connective tissue disorder characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, and eye abnormalities including microspherophakia, ectopia lentis, severe myopia and glaucoma. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12525539}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Overlap connective tissue disease (OCTD) [MIM:604308]: Heritable disorder of connective tissue characterized by involvement of the mitral valve, aorta, skeleton, and skin. MASS syndrome is closely resembling both the Marfan syndrome and the Barlow syndrome. However, no dislocation of the lenses or aneurysmal changes occur in the aorta, and the mitral valve prolapse is by no means invariable. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2739055}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Stiff skin syndrome (SSKS) [MIM:184900]: A syndrome characterized by hard, thick skin, usually over the entire body, which limits joint mobility and causes flexion contractures. Other occasional findings include lipodystrophy and muscle weakness. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20375004}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Geleophysic dysplasia 2 (GPHYSD2) [MIM:614185]: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by severe short stature, short hands and feet, joint limitations, and skin thickening. Radiologic features include delayed bone age, cone-shaped epiphyses, shortened long tubular bones, and ovoid vertebral bodies. Affected individuals have characteristic facial features including a 'happy' face with full cheeks, shortened nose, hypertelorism, long and flat philtrum, and thin upper lip. Other distinctive features include progressive cardiac valvular thickening often leading to an early death, toe walking, tracheal stenosis, respiratory insufficiency, and lysosomal-like storage vacuoles in various tissues. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21683322}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Acromicric dysplasia (ACMICD) [MIM:102370]: An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by severe short stature, short hands and feet, joint limitations, and skin thickening. Radiologic features include delayed bone age, cone-shaped epiphyses, shortened long tubular bones, and ovoid vertebral bodies. Affected individuals have distinct facial features, including round face, well-defined eyebrows, long eyelashes, bulbous nose with anteverted nostrils, long and prominent philtrum, and thick lips with a small mouth. Other characteristic features include hoarse voice and pseudomuscular build, and there are distinct skeletal features as well, including an internal notch of the femoral head, internal notch of the second metacarpal, and external notch of the fifth metacarpal. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21683322}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Marfan lipodystrophy syndrome (MFLS) [MIM:616914]: A syndrome characterized by congenital lipodystrophy, a progeroid facial appearance due to lack of subcutaneous fat, and variable signs of Marfan syndrome. Clinical features include premature birth with an accelerated linear growth disproportionate to the weight gain, ectopia lentis, aortic dilatation, dural ectasia, and arachnodactyly. Mental and motor development are within normal limits. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20979188, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21594992, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21594993, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24039054, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24613577, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24665001, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26860060, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27087445}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Asprosin: Mutations specifically affect Asprosin, a hormone peptide present at the C-terminus of Fibrillin-1 chain, which is cleaved from Fibrillin-1 following secretion (PubMed:27087445). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27087445}.;