KLHL12
protein-codingkelch like family member 12, the group of BTB domain containing|Kelch like
Gene summary
This gene encodes a member of the KLHL (Kelch-like) family of proteins. This protein has been identified as an autoantigen in the autoimmune disease Sjogren's syndrome and as a potential biomarker in primary biliary cirrhosis. This protein may act as a substrate adaptor of the Cullin-3 ubiquitin ligase complex to promote substrate-specific ubiquitylation. Ubiquitylation by this complex has been shown to regulate the Wnt signaling pathway as well as COPII vesicle coat size. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 22. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~37.5 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
No GenCC data available for this gene.
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to KLHL12 variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_021633.4. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 2 | 2 | ||||
| missense | 51 | 51 | ||||
| nonsense | 0 | |||||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 0 | |||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Total | 0 | 0 | 54 | 0 | 0 | 54 |
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_067646.1 | 11 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000356230.3 | 11 | MANE Select | |
| RefSeq | NP_001289980.1 | 12 | Standard | |
| RefSeq | NP_001290038.1 | 9 | Standard |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Pathways ConsensusPathDB
- Signaling by WNT
- Signal Transduction
- Degradation of DVL
- TCF dependent signaling in response to WNT
- Canonical Wnt signaling pathway
Biological Process
- protein monoubiquitination
- endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport
- neural crest formation
- neural crest cell development
- Wnt signaling pathway
Molecular Function
- protein binding
- identical protein binding
Cellular Component
- Golgi membrane
- microtubule organizing center
- cytosol
- COPII vesicle coat
- COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000367261
- Coding exons
- 11
- Length
- 37537
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 125729
- Homozygous LoFs
- 0
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 19
- Defined
- 125748
- p
- 0.0000756
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | 2.83 | 186 | 331 | 0.562 | 0.0000181 | 3716 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 48 | 116.67 | 0.41142 | 1284 | ||
| Synonymous | 0.374 | 111 | 116 | 0.956 | 0.00000596 | 1109 |
| Loss of Function | 3.45 | 8 | 27.6 | 0.290 | 0.00000145 | 321 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0.000062 | 0.000062 | rare |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| East Asian | 0.00011 | 0.00011 | rare |
| Finnish | 0.00032 | 0.00032 | rare |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0.000062 | 0.000062 | rare |
| South Asian | 0.000065 | 0.000065 | rare |
| Other | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that acts as a negative regulator of Wnt signaling pathway and ER-Golgi transport (PubMed:22358839, PubMed:27565346). The BCR(KLHL12) complex is involved in ER-Golgi transport by regulating the size of COPII coats, thereby playing a key role in collagen export, which is required for embryonic stem (ES) cells division: BCR(KLHL12) acts by mediating monoubiquitination of SEC31 (SEC31A or SEC31B) (PubMed:22358839, PubMed:27565346). The BCR(KLHL12) complex is also involved in neural crest specification: in response to cytosolic calcium increase, interacts with the heterodimer formed with PEF1 and PDCD6/ALG-2, leading to bridge together the BCR(KLHL12) complex and SEC31 (SEC31A or SEC31B), promoting monoubiquitination of SEC31 and subsequent collagen export (PubMed:27716508). As part of the BCR(KLHL12) complex, also acts as a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis of DVL3 (PubMed:16547521). The BCR(KLHL12) complex also mediates polyubiquitination of DRD4 and PEF1, without leading to degradation of these proteins (PubMed:18303015, PubMed:20100572, PubMed:27716508). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16547521, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18303015, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20100572, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22358839, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27565346, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27716508}.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.124
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.390
- RVIS EVS
- -0.45
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 24
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- N
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- E
- Indispensability score
- 0.996
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Cancer | Medium | Medium | Medium |