KRT10

protein-coding

keratin 10, the group of Keratins, type I

Gene summary

This gene encodes a member of the type I (acidic) cytokeratin family, which belongs to the superfamily of intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Keratins are heteropolymeric structural proteins which form the intermediate filament. These filaments, along with actin microfilaments and microtubules, compose the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Mutations in this gene are associated with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. This gene is located within a cluster of keratin family members on chromosome 17q21. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Previous symbols:
  • KPP

MANE transcript

NM_000421.5

Inheritance

AD, AR

ClinVar variants

P:47U:103B:74

Top phenotype

Erythroderma, ichthyosiform, congenital reticular; Aaru disease; Ichthyosis, annular epidermolytic, 1; Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 1; Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2A, autosomal dominant; Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2B, autosomal recessive; Ichthyosis with confetti

gnomAD constraint

pLI —, LoF o/e 0.36

Max pathogenic AF

—

Genomic locus

chr17:40,818,117-40,822,614

External References & Databases

Transcript & Mutation Effects

hg38 • Region Span ~4.5 kb
Loading mutation effect viewer...

GenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations

Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns

ichthyosisSTRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0019269

Submitter: PanelApp Australia

ichthyosis, annular epidermolytic 1STRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0100303

Submitter: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2B, autosomal recessiveSTRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AR

Disease ID:MONDO:0700245

Submitter: PanelApp Australia

epidermolytic ichthyosisSTRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0007239

Submitter: Genomics England PanelApp

epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2A, autosomal dominantSTRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0700248

Submitter: Ambry Genetics

epidermolytic ichthyosisSTRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AR

Disease ID:MONDO:0007239

Submitter: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

autosomal recessive epidermolytic ichthyosisSUPPORTIVE

Inheritance Pattern: AR

Disease ID:MONDO:0044742

Submitter: Orphanet

epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2A, autosomal dominantSTRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0700248

Submitter: PanelApp Australia

congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythrodermaSTRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0012208

Submitter: Genomics England PanelApp

epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2B, autosomal recessiveMODERATE

Inheritance Pattern: AR

Disease ID:MONDO:0700245

Submitter: Ambry Genetics

annular epidermolytic ichthyosisSTRONG

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0011870

Submitter: Genomics England PanelApp

annular epidermolytic ichthyosisSUPPORTIVE

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0011870

Submitter: Orphanet

epidermolytic ichthyosisSUPPORTIVE

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0007239

Submitter: Orphanet

annular epidermolytic ichthyosisDEFINITIVE

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0011870

Submitter: G2P

congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythrodermaSUPPORTIVE

Inheritance Pattern: AD

Disease ID:MONDO:0012208

Submitter: Orphanet

Clinical Genomic Database (CGD)

Erythroderma, ichthyosiform, congenital reticular; Aaru disease; Ichthyosis, annular epidermolytic, 1; Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 1; Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2A, autosomal dominant; Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2B, autosomal recessive; Ichthyosis with confettiAD/AR

Manifestation: Dermatologic

Intervention: General

Rationale: Genetic knowledge may be beneficial related to issues such as selection of optimal supportive care, informed medical decision-making, prognostic considerations, and avoidance of unnecessary testing

Refs: 1381287; 1380725; 7682695; 9036939; 19443303; 19474805; 19689541; 20302579; 20798280; 21271994; 21463361; 21929535; 22035476Source: CGD (NHGRI)

ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes

Reported disease conditions connected to KRT10 variants in ClinVar

18 Conditions Cataloged
not providedTotal: 182
KRT10-related disorderTotal: 58
Inborn genetic diseasesTotal: 52
not specifiedTotal: 28
Congenital reticular ichthyosiform erythrodermaTotal: 19
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2A, autosomal dominantTotal: 17
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 2B, autosomal recessiveTotal: 11
Ichthyosis hystrix graviorTotal: 8

ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type

Statistics based on transcript NM_000421.5. Only rare variants are included.

We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.

Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.

EffectPLPVUSLBBSum
synonymous
1
clinvar
47
clinvar
4
clinvar
52
missense
16
clinvar
14
clinvar
96
clinvar
15
clinvar
7
clinvar
148
nonsense
2
clinvar
2
clinvar
1
clinvar
5
start loss
0
frameshift
4
clinvar
1
clinvar
4
clinvar
1
clinvar
10
splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp)
6
clinvar
2
clinvar
1
clinvar
9
Total28191036212224

Highest pathogenic variant AF is 0.00000656918

Loading ClinVar variants...

Transcript Catalog

Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases

Showing 4 of 6 transcripts
Transcript IDSourceProtein IDCoding ExonsMANE Status
NM_000421.5RefSeqNP_000412.48MANE Select
ENST00000269576.6EnsemblENSP00000269576.58MANE Select
NM_001379366.1RefSeqNP_001366295.18Standard
ENST00000635956.2EnsemblENSP00000490524.28Standard

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways

Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways

Pathways ConsensusPathDB

  • Staphylococcus aureus infection - Homo sapiens (human)
  • Estrogen signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
  • Hair Follicle Development- Induction (Part 1 of 3)
  • Keratinization
  • Developmental Biology

Biological Process

  • peptide cross-linking
  • keratinocyte differentiation
  • keratinization
  • positive regulation of epidermis development
  • protein heterotetramerization

Molecular Function

  • structural constituent of epidermis
  • protein heterodimerization activity

Cellular Component

  • cornified envelope
  • extracellular space
  • nucleus
  • cytoplasm
  • cytosol

gnomAD Constraint

Source: gnomAD

Gene type
protein_coding
Transcript type
protein_coding
Transcript
ENST00000269576
Coding exons
8
Length
4479
Individuals with no LoFs
125732
Homozygous LoFs
0
Heterozygous LoFs
16
Defined
125748
p
0.0000636
Z-ScoreObservedExpectedObserved/ExpectedMutation RateTotal Possible
Missense0.2532802920.9580.00001603704
Missense (PolyPhen)94118.620.792421548
Synonymous-1.561411191.180.000006191210
Loss of Function3.00925.30.3560.00000132304

Population LoF Frequency

PopulationCAFp-valueStatus
African00.0absent
Latino/Admixed American00.0absent
Ashkenazi Jewish0.0000990.000099rare
East Asian0.000160.00016rare
Finnish0.0000460.000046rare
European (Non-Finnish)0.0000440.000044rare
South Asian0.000260.00020rare
Other00.0absent

dbNSFP Gene Annotations

Source: dbNSFP

Function
FUNCTION: Plays a role in the establishment of the epidermal barrier on plantar skin. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02535}.;
Disease
DISEASE: Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK) [MIM:113800]: An autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by widespread blistering and an ichthyotic erythroderma at birth that persist into adulthood. Histologically there is a diffuse epidermolytic degeneration in the lower spinous layer of the epidermis. Within a few weeks from birth, erythroderma and blister formation diminish and hyperkeratoses develop. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10201536, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1380725, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1381287, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21271994, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7507150, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7507152, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7508181, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7512983, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7526210, ECO:0000269|Ref.7}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Ichthyosis annular epidermolytic (AEI) [MIM:607602]: A skin disorder resembling bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Affected individuals present with bullous ichthyosis in early childhood and hyperkeratotic lichenified plaques in the flexural areas and extensor surfaces at later ages. The feature that distinguishes AEI from BCIE is dramatic episodes of flares of annular polycyclic plaques with scale, which coalesce to involve most of the body surface and can persist for several weeks or even months. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9036939, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9856845}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Erythroderma, ichthyosiform, congenital reticular (CRIE) [MIM:609165]: A rare skin condition characterized by slowly enlarging islands of normal skin surrounded by erythematous ichthyotic patches in a reticulated pattern. The condition starts in infancy as a lamellar ichthyosis, with small islands of normal skin resembling confetti appearing in late childhood and at puberty. Histopathologic findings include band-like parakeratosis, psoriasiform acanthosis, and vacuolization of keratinocytes with binucleated cells in the upper epidermis, sometimes associated with amyloid deposition in the dermis. Ultrastructural abnormalities include perinuclear shells formed from a network of fine filaments in the upper epidermis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20798280}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.;

Recessive Scores

pRec
0.540

Intolerance Scores

LoFtool
0.0859
RVIS EVS
0.22
RVIS percentile EVS
68.38

Essentials

Essential (CRISPR)
N
Essential (CRISPR2)
N
Essential (gene trap)
N
Indispensability pred.
E
Indispensability score
0.734

Gene Damage Prediction

AllRecessiveDominant
MendelianMediumMediumMedium
Primary ImmunodeficiencyMediumMediumMedium
CancerMediumMediumMedium
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