KRT74
protein-codingkeratin 74, the group of Keratins, type II
Gene summary
Keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into epithelial keratins and hair keratins. This protein belongs to a family of keratins that are specifically expressed in the inner root sheath of hair follicles.[provided by RefSeq, Jun 2009]
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~8.1 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
Inheritance Pattern: AD
Disease ID:MONDO:0019575
Submitter: Orphanet
Inheritance Pattern: AR
Disease ID:MONDO:0013975
Submitter: PanelApp Australia
Inheritance Pattern: AD
Disease ID:MONDO:0019071
Submitter: Orphanet
Inheritance Pattern: AD
Disease ID:MONDO:0008686
Submitter: Orphanet
Inheritance Pattern: AD
Disease ID:MONDO:0020717
Submitter: PanelApp Australia
Inheritance Pattern: AD
Disease ID:MONDO:0013514
Submitter: G2P
Inheritance Pattern: AD
Disease ID:MONDO:0013514
Submitter: PanelApp Australia
Inheritance Pattern: AD
Disease ID:MONDO:0020717
Submitter: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Clinical Genomic Database (CGD)
Manifestation: Dermatologic
Intervention: General
Rationale: Genetic knowledge may be beneficial related to issues such as selection of optimal supportive care, informed medical decision-making, prognostic considerations, and avoidance of unnecessary testing
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to KRT74 variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_175053.4. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 1 | 18 | 12 | 31 | ||
| missense | 2 | 119 | 25 | 10 | 156 | |
| nonsense | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 1 | 1 | ||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||
| Total | 3 | 1 | 123 | 44 | 22 | 193 |
Highest pathogenic variant AF is 0.000029115761
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_778223.2 | 9 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000307240.2 | 9 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000447447.1 | 10 | Standard | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000447447.1 | 10 | Standard |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Pathways ConsensusPathDB
- Keratinization
- Developmental Biology
Biological Process
- keratinization
- intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization
- cornification
Molecular Function
- structural molecule activity
- keratin filament binding
Cellular Component
- cytoplasm
- cytosol
- keratin filament
- extracellular exosome
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000305620
- Coding exons
- 9
- Length
- 8044
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 125329
- Homozygous LoFs
- 2
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 417
- Defined
- 125748
- p
- 0.00167
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | -1.20 | 363 | 304 | 1.19 | 0.0000198 | 3452 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 93 | 79.496 | 1.1699 | 1144 | ||
| Synonymous | -1.66 | 152 | 128 | 1.19 | 0.00000827 | 1066 |
| Loss of Function | -0.371 | 20 | 18.3 | 1.09 | 8.05e-7 | 239 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0.0045 | 0.0044 | notable |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0.0022 | 0.0022 | notable |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0.010 | 0.010 | notable |
| East Asian | 0.0023 | 0.0023 | notable |
| Finnish | 0.00014 | 0.00014 | rare |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0.00091 | 0.00090 | rare |
| South Asian | 0.000098 | 0.000098 | rare |
| Other | 0.0031 | 0.0029 | notable |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Has a role in hair formation. Specific component of keratin intermediate filaments in the inner root sheath (IRS) of the hair follicle (Probable). {ECO:0000305}.;
- Disease
- DISEASE: Hypotrichosis 3 (HYPT3) [MIM:613981]: A condition characterized by the presence of less than the normal amount of hair. Affected individuals have normal hair in early childhood but experience progressive hair loss limited to the scalp beginning in the middle of the first decade and almost complete baldness by the third decade. Body hair, beard, eyebrows, axillary hair, teeth, and nails develop normally. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21188418}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; DISEASE: Ectodermal dysplasia 7, hair/nail type (ECTD7) [MIM:614929]: A form of ectodermal dysplasia, a heterogeneous group of disorders due to abnormal development of two or more ectodermal structures such as hair, teeth, nails and sweat glands, with or without any additional clinical sign. Each combination of clinical features represents a different type of ectodermal dysplasia. Ectodermal dysplasia of the hair/nail type is characterized by hypotrichosis and nail dystrophy without non- ectodermal or other ectodermal manifestations. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24714551}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.112
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.147
- RVIS EVS
- 2.38
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 98.48
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- N
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- E
- Indispensability score
- 0.664
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | High | Medium | High |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | High | High | High |
| Cancer | High | High | High |