MXD1
protein-codingMAX dimerization protein 1, the group of MAX dimerization proteins|Basic helix-loop-helix proteins
Gene summary
This gene encodes a member of the MYC/MAX/MAD network of basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factors. The MYC/MAX/MAD transcription factors mediate cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The encoded protein antagonizes MYC-mediated transcriptional activation of target genes by competing for the binding partner MAX and recruiting repressor complexes containing histone deacetylases. Mutations in this gene may play a role in acute leukemia, and the encoded protein is a potential tumor suppressor. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
- MAD
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~45.3 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
No GenCC data available for this gene.
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to MXD1 variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_002357.4. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 0 | |||||
| missense | 17 | 1 | 18 | |||
| nonsense | 0 | |||||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 0 | |||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Total | 0 | 0 | 20 | 1 | 0 | 21 |
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_002348.1 | 6 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000264444.2 | 6 | MANE Select | |
| RefSeq | NP_001189442.1 | 6 | Standard | |
| RefSeq | NP_001189443.1 | 5 | Standard |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Pathways ConsensusPathDB
- Vitamin D Receptor Pathway
- Preimplantation Embryo
- overview of telomerase protein component gene htert transcriptional regulation
- Regulation of Telomerase
- Signaling events mediated by HDAC Class I
Biological Process
- negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
- multicellular organism development
- cell population proliferation
Molecular Function
- RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
- DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
- DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
- DNA-binding transcription factor activity
- transcription coregulator activity
Cellular Component
- nuclear chromatin
- nucleus
- nucleoplasm
- mitochondrion
- cytosol
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000264444
- Coding exons
- 6
- Length
- 45258
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 125726
- Homozygous LoFs
- 0
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 2
- Defined
- 125728
- p
- 0.00000795
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | 1.22 | 91 | 130 | 0.700 | 0.00000811 | 1465 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 25 | 49.619 | 0.50384 | 521 | ||
| Synonymous | 0.328 | 50 | 53.0 | 0.943 | 0.00000368 | 402 |
| Loss of Function | 2.34 | 3 | 11.6 | 0.259 | 7.24e-7 | 138 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0.000099 | 0.000099 | rare |
| East Asian | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Finnish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0.0000088 | 0.0000088 | rare |
| South Asian | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Other | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Transcriptional repressor. MAD binds with MAX to form a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein complex which recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. MAD thus antagonizes MYC transcriptional activity by competing for MAX.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.132
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.230
- RVIS EVS
- -0.32
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 31.46
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- N
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- E
- Indispensability score
- 0.991
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Cancer | Medium | Medium | Medium |