SESN1
protein-codingsestrin 1
Gene summary
This gene encodes a member of the sestrin family. Sestrins are induced by the p53 tumor suppressor protein and play a role in the cellular response to DNA damage and oxidative stress. The encoded protein mediates p53 inhibition of cell growth by activating AMP-activated protein kinase, which results in the inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin protein. The encoded protein also plays a critical role in antioxidant defense by regenerating overoxidized peroxiredoxins, and the expression of this gene is a potential marker for exposure to radiation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~110.5 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
No GenCC data available for this gene.
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to SESN1 variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_014454.3. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 1 | 1 | ||||
| missense | 55 | 55 | ||||
| nonsense | 0 | |||||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 0 | |||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Total | 0 | 0 | 59 | 0 | 0 | 59 |
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_055269.1 | 10 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000393762.2 | 10 | MANE Select | |
| RefSeq | NP_001186862.1 | 10 | Standard | |
| RefSeq | NP_001186863.1 | 8 | Standard |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Pathways ConsensusPathDB
- p53 signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
- Longevity regulating pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
- miRNA Regulation of DNA Damage Response
- Mesodermal Commitment Pathway
- TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes
Biological Process
- positive regulation of macroautophagy
- cellular response to amino acid starvation
- cellular response to glucose starvation
- oxidation-reduction process
- cellular response to amino acid stimulus
Molecular Function
- protein binding
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on peroxide as acceptor
- peroxiredoxin activity
- leucine binding
Cellular Component
- fibrillar center
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- cytosol
- TORC2 complex
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000436639
- Coding exons
- 10
- Length
- 108383
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 125699
- Homozygous LoFs
- 0
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 49
- Defined
- 125748
- p
- 0.000195
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | 1.05 | 251 | 302 | 0.830 | 0.0000152 | 3675 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 96 | 137.2 | 0.69973 | 1709 | ||
| Synonymous | -0.455 | 106 | 100 | 1.06 | 0.00000498 | 991 |
| Loss of Function | 2.88 | 10 | 25.8 | 0.388 | 0.00000120 | 342 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0.00055 | 0.00055 | rare |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0.00025 | 0.00023 | rare |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| East Asian | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Finnish | 0.00014 | 0.000046 | rare |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0.00019 | 0.00019 | rare |
| South Asian | 0.00020 | 0.00020 | rare |
| Other | 0.00049 | 0.00049 | rare |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Functions as an intracellular leucine sensor that negatively regulates the TORC1 signaling pathway through the GATOR complex. In absence of leucine, binds the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2 and prevents TORC1 signaling. Binding of leucine to SESN2 disrupts its interaction with GATOR2 thereby activating the TORC1 signaling pathway (PubMed:25263562, PubMed:26449471). This stress-inducible metabolic regulator may also play a role in protection against oxidative and genotoxic stresses (By similarity). May positively regulate the transcription by NFE2L2 of genes involved in the response to oxidative stress by facilitating the SQSTM1-mediated autophagic degradation of KEAP1 (PubMed:23274085). May have an alkylhydroperoxide reductase activity born by the N-terminal domain of the protein (By similarity). Was originally reported to contribute to oxidative stress resistance by reducing PRDX1 (PubMed:15105503). However, this could not be confirmed (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P58004, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15105503, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23274085, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25263562, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26449471}.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.134
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.718
- RVIS EVS
- -0.84
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 11.18
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- N
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- E
- Indispensability score
- 0.838
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Cancer | Medium | Medium | Medium |