TROAP
protein-codingtrophinin associated protein
Gene summary
Predicted to be involved in cell adhesion. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~8.5 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
No GenCC data available for this gene.
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to TROAP variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_005480.4. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 3 | 3 | 6 | |||
| missense | 116 | 9 | 125 | |||
| nonsense | 0 | |||||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 0 | |||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Total | 0 | 0 | 120 | 12 | 0 | 132 |
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_005471.3 | 14 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000257909.3 | 14 | MANE Select | |
| RefSeq | NP_001094090.1 | 3 | Standard | |
| RefSeq | NP_001265253.1 | 3 | Standard |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Biological Process
- cell adhesion
Molecular Function
- protein binding
Cellular Component
- cytoplasm
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000257909
- Coding exons
- 14
- Length
- 8496
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 125716
- Homozygous LoFs
- 0
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 32
- Defined
- 125748
- p
- 0.000127
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | 0.456 | 419 | 446 | 0.939 | 0.0000248 | 4884 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 105 | 111.59 | 0.94093 | 1339 | ||
| Synonymous | 0.914 | 159 | 174 | 0.912 | 0.00000908 | 1742 |
| Loss of Function | 2.33 | 23 | 38.7 | 0.595 | 0.00000220 | 410 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0.00012 | 0.00012 | rare |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| East Asian | 0.00016 | 0.00016 | rare |
| Finnish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0.000088 | 0.000088 | rare |
| South Asian | 0.00049 | 0.00049 | rare |
| Other | 0.00033 | 0.00033 | rare |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Could be involved with bystin and trophinin in a cell adhesion molecule complex that mediates an initial attachment of the blastocyst to uterine epithelial cells at the time of the embryo implantation.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.0952
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.186
- RVIS EVS
- 0.21
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 67.5
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- N
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- E
- Indispensability score
- 0.759
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Cancer | Medium | Medium | Medium |