ZNF281
protein-codingzinc finger protein 281, the group of Zinc fingers C2H2-type
Gene summary
Enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in negative regulation of gene expression; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; and positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription. Located in nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
MANE transcript
Inheritance
ClinVar variants
Top phenotype
gnomAD constraint
Max pathogenic AF
Genomic locus
External References & Databases
Transcript & Mutation Effects
hg38 • Region Span ~5.1 kbGenCC Phenotypes & Disease Associations
Curated gene-disease validity assertions and inheritance patterns
No GenCC data available for this gene.
ClinVar Associated Diseases & Phenotypes
Reported disease conditions connected to ZNF281 variants in ClinVar
ClinVar Variants & Pathogenicity by Type
Statistics based on transcript NM_001281293.2. Only rare variants are included.
We include only reliable ClinVar variants with their consequences to MANE Select, MANE Plus Clinical transcripts, or transcripts with TSL equal to 1. Click a count to filter the variants table below.
Slight differences between displayed counts and ClinVar may occur due to a different transcript/consequence chosen by our variant effect predictor, or because we classify Benign/Likely benign as Likely benign and Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic as Likely pathogenic.
| Effect | PathogenicP | Likely pathogenicLP | VUS | Likely benignLB | BenignB | Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| synonymous | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||
| missense | 98 | 2 | 100 | |||
| nonsense | 0 | |||||
| start loss | 0 | |||||
| frameshift | 0 | |||||
| splice donor/acceptor (+/-2bp) | 0 | |||||
| Total | 0 | 0 | 98 | 4 | 1 | 103 |
Transcript Catalog
Annotated transcript isoforms across RefSeq and Ensembl databases
| Transcript ID | Source | Protein ID | Coding Exons | MANE Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RefSeq | NP_001268222.1 | 1 | MANE Select | |
| Ensembl | ENSP00000356322.1 | 1 | MANE Select | |
| RefSeq | NP_001268223.1 | 2 | Standard | |
| RefSeq | NP_036614.1 | 1 | Standard |
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations & Pathways
Biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components and pathways
Pathways ConsensusPathDB
- Mesodermal Commitment Pathway
Biological Process
- negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
- regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
- embryonic body morphogenesis
- negative regulation of gene expression
- negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
Molecular Function
- RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
- RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding
- DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
- DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
- DNA binding
Cellular Component
- nucleus
- nucleoplasm
gnomAD Constraint
Source:
- Gene type
- protein_coding
- Transcript type
- protein_coding
- Transcript
- ENST00000294740
- Coding exons
- 1
- Length
- 5117
- Individuals with no LoFs
- 125737
- Homozygous LoFs
- 0
- Heterozygous LoFs
- 3
- Defined
- 125740
- p
- 0.0000119
| Z-Score | Observed | Expected | Observed/Expected | Mutation Rate | Total Possible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missense | 1.02 | 402 | 464 | 0.867 | 0.0000223 | 5911 |
| Missense (PolyPhen) | 90 | 155.23 | 0.5798 | 2162 | ||
| Synonymous | -1.08 | 198 | 180 | 1.10 | 0.00000912 | 1734 |
| Loss of Function | 4.29 | 2 | 25.3 | 0.0791 | 0.00000128 | 358 |
Population LoF Frequency
| Population | CAF | p-value | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| African | 0.000062 | 0.000062 | rare |
| Latino/Admixed American | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| East Asian | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| Finnish | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
| European (Non-Finnish) | 0.000011 | 0.0000088 | rare |
| South Asian | 0.000033 | 0.000033 | rare |
| Other | 0 | 0.0 | absent |
dbNSFP Gene Annotations
Source:
- Function
- FUNCTION: Transcription repressor that plays a role in regulation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiation. Required for ESCs differentiation and acts by mediating autorepression of NANOG in ESCs: binds to the NANOG promoter and promotes association of NANOG protein to its own promoter and recruits the NuRD complex, which deacetylates histones. Not required for establishement and maintenance of ESCs (By similarity). Represses the transcription of a number of genes including GAST, ODC1 and VIM. Binds to the G- rich box in the enhancer region of these genes. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10448078, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12771217}.;
Recessive Scores
- pRec
- 0.267
Intolerance Scores
- LoFtool
- 0.189
- RVIS EVS
- -0.4
- RVIS percentile EVS
- 26.85
Essentials
- Essential (CRISPR)
- N
- Essential (CRISPR2)
- S
- Essential (gene trap)
- N
- Indispensability pred.
- E
- Indispensability score
- 0.975
Gene Damage Prediction
| All | Recessive | Dominant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Primary Immunodeficiency | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Cancer | Medium | Medium | Medium |