1-11114338-A-G

Position:

• chr1-11114338-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PS2_Moderate PS4_Moderate PS3 PP2 PM2_Supporting

This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: The c.7280T>C (NM_004958.4) variant in MTOR is a missense variant predicted to cause substitution of (p.Leu2427Pro). The prevalence of the variant in affected individuals is significantly increased compared with the prevalence in controls (PS4_M; PMIDs: 25799227, 25159823; identified in 2 individuals with neuropathology confirmatory of a malformation of cortical development, 1 tumor sample in the literature and COSMIC). An animal model generated with this variant shows a seizure phenotype which responded to treatment with rapamycin indicating that this variant impacts protein function (PMID:29937275) (PS3_Strong). Testing of unaffected and affected tissue show variable allelic fractions consistent with a post-zygotic event (PS2_Moderate; PMID:25799227). This variant is absent from gnomAD v2.1.1 (PM2_Supporting). MTOR, in which the variant was identified, is defined by the ClinGen Brain Malformations Expert Panel as a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation and where pathogenic missense variants are a common mechanism of disease (PP2). In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as Pathogenic for mosaic autosomal dominant overgrowth with or without cerebral malformations due to abnormalities in MTOR-pathway genes based on the ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the ClinGen Brain Malformations Expert Panel: PS4_M, PS3, PS2_M, PM2_P, PP2; 10 points (VCEP specifications version 1; Approved: 1/31/2021) LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA338380762/MONDO:0016054/018

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: MTOR NM_004958.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.91

Genes affected

MTOR (HGNC:3942): (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of phosphatidylinositol kinase-related kinases. These kinases mediate cellular responses to stresses such as DNA damage and nutrient deprivation. This kinase is a component of two distinct complexes, mTORC1, which controls protein synthesis, cell growth and proliferation, and mTORC2, which is a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, and promotes cell survival and cell cycle progression. This protein acts as the target for the cell-cycle arrest and immunosuppressive effects of the FKBP12-rapamycin complex. Inhibitors of mTOR are used in organ transplants as immunosuppressants, and are being evaluated for their therapeutic potential in SARS-CoV-2 infections. Mutations in this gene are associated with Smith-Kingsmore syndrome and somatic focal cortical dysplasia type II. The ANGPTL7 gene is located in an intron of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

MTOR (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

• PS2: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PS3: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PS4: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PM2: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PP2: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MTOR	NM_004958.4	c.7280T>C	p.Leu2427Pro	missense_variant	53/58	ENST00000361445.9	NP_004949.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MTOR	ENST00000361445.9	c.7280T>C	p.Leu2427Pro	missense_variant	53/58	1	NM_004958.4	ENSP00000354558.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

Overgrowth syndrome and/or cerebral malformations due to abnormalities in MTOR pathway genes Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, reviewed by expert panel

curation

ClinGen Brain Malformations Variant Curation Expert Panel

Feb 12, 2022

The c.7280T>C (NM_004958.4) variant in MTOR is a missense variant predicted to cause substitution of (p.Leu2427Pro). The prevalence of the variant in affected individuals is significantly increased compared with the prevalence in controls (PS4_M; PMIDs: 25799227, 25159823; identified in 2 individuals with neuropathology confirmatory of a malformation of cortical development, 1 tumor sample in the literature and COSMIC). An animal model generated with this variant shows a seizure phenotype which responded to treatment with rapamycin indicating that this variant impacts protein function (PMID: 29937275) (PS3_Strong). Testing of unaffected and affected tissue show variable allelic fractions consistent with a post-zygotic event (PS2_Moderate; PMID: 25799227). This variant is absent from gnomAD v2.1.1 (PM2_Supporting). MTOR, in which the variant was identified, is defined by the ClinGen Brain Malformations Expert Panel as a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation and where pathogenic missense variants are a common mechanism of disease (PP2). In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as Pathogenic for mosaic autosomal dominant overgrowth with or without cerebral malformations due to abnormalities in MTOR-pathway genes based on the ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the ClinGen Brain Malformations Expert Panel: PS4_M, PS3, PS2_M, PM2_P, PP2; 10 points (VCEP specifications version 1; Approved: 1/31/2021) -

Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type II Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

Apr 11, 2017

- -

CEBALID syndrome Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Equipe Genetique des Anomalies du Developpement, Université de Bourgogne

Sep 01, 2020

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.43	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.38
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.50	D;D;.
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.94
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.90
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.72	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.94	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.50	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.2	.;M;.
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.92	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.7	D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.92
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;D;.
Vest4		0.88
MutPred		0.76		.;Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0883);.;
MVP		0.98
MPC		3.3
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.9
Varity_R		0.98
gMVP		0.99

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1085307113; hg19: chr1-11174395; COSMIC: COSV63874900;