1-161306824-G-C

Position:

• chr1-161306824-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000530.8(MPZ):​c.332C>G​(p.Ser111Cys) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S111F) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 29)
• Consequence: MPZ NM_000530.8 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.13

Genes affected

MPZ (HGNC:7225): (myelin protein zero) This gene is specifically expressed in Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system and encodes a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is a major structural protein of the peripheral myelin sheath. The encoded protein contains a large hydrophobic extracellular domain and a smaller basic intracellular domain, which are essential for the formation and stabilization of the multilamellar structure of the compact myelin. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal dominant form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1B) and other polyneuropathies, such as Dejerine-Sottas syndrome (DSS) and congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy (CHN). A recent study showed that two isoforms are produced from the same mRNA by use of alternative in-frame translation termination codons via a stop codon readthrough mechanism. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

MPZ (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 8 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 14 uncertain in NM_000530.8
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr1-161306824-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 637801.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Uncertain_significance=1, Likely_pathogenic=1}.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.982
• PP5: Variant 1-161306824-G-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr1-161306824-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 449538.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr1-161306824-G-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MPZ	NM_000530.8	c.332C>G	p.Ser111Cys	missense_variant	3/6	ENST00000533357.5	NP_000521.2
MPZ	NM_001315491.2	c.332C>G	p.Ser111Cys	missense_variant	3/6		NP_001302420.1
MPZ	XM_017001321.3	c.362C>G	p.Ser121Cys	missense_variant	3/6		XP_016856810.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MPZ	ENST00000533357.5	c.332C>G	p.Ser111Cys	missense_variant	3/6	1	NM_000530.8	ENSP00000432943.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 29

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 29

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Aug 10, 2017

A variant that is likely pathogenic has been identified in the MPZ gene. The S111C variant has been previously reported in several individuals with a clinical diagnosis of CMT (Mandich et al., 2009, Manganelli et al., 2014, Sanmaneechai et al., 2015). The S111C variant is not observed in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016; 1000 Genomes Consortium et al., 2015; Exome Variant Server). The S111C variant is a non-conservative amino acid substitution, which is likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues differ in polarity, charge, size and/or other properties. This substitution occurs at a position that is conserved across species, and in silico analysis predicts this variant is probably damaging to the protein structure/function. Additionally, missense variants at the same (S111P) and in nearby residues (D109N/E, G110D, I112T) have been reported in Human Gene Mutation Database in association with MPZ-related neuropathies (Stenson et al., 2014), supporting the functional importance of this region of the protein. Therefore, this variant is likely pathogenic; however, the possibility that it is benign cannot be excluded. -

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type I Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Aug 09, 2022

In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the p.Ser111 amino acid residue in MPZ. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 22176150). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects MPZ function (PMID: 29687021). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 449538). This missense change has been observed in individuals with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (PMID: 19293842; Invitae). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 111 of the MPZ protein (p.Ser111Cys). -

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

Inherited Neuropathy Consortium

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Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.39	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.33
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.81	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.88
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.79
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.92	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.78	T
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.12	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.20	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.6	H
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.59	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.7	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.62
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.90
MutPred		0.91		Loss of ubiquitination at K108 (P = 0.0578);
MVP		0.90
MPC		1.5
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.96
gMVP		0.99

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1553259663; hg19: chr1-161276614;