1-161306879-C-G

Position:

• chr1-161306879-C-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Moderate PP5_Moderate

The NM_000530.8(MPZ):​c.277G>C​(p.Gly93Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G93A) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 29)
• Consequence: MPZ NM_000530.8 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.55

Genes affected

MPZ (HGNC:7225): (myelin protein zero) This gene is specifically expressed in Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system and encodes a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is a major structural protein of the peripheral myelin sheath. The encoded protein contains a large hydrophobic extracellular domain and a smaller basic intracellular domain, which are essential for the formation and stabilization of the multilamellar structure of the compact myelin. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal dominant form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1B) and other polyneuropathies, such as Dejerine-Sottas syndrome (DSS) and congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy (CHN). A recent study showed that two isoforms are produced from the same mRNA by use of alternative in-frame translation termination codons via a stop codon readthrough mechanism. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a disulfide_bond (size 77) in uniprot entity MYP0_HUMAN there are 81 pathogenic changes around while only 1 benign (99%) in NM_000530.8
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr1-161306878-C-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.873
• PP5: Variant 1-161306879-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr1-161306879-C-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 531686.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MPZ	NM_000530.8	c.277G>C	p.Gly93Arg	missense_variant	3/6	ENST00000533357.5	NP_000521.2
MPZ	NM_001315491.2	c.277G>C	p.Gly93Arg	missense_variant	3/6		NP_001302420.1
MPZ	XM_017001321.3	c.307G>C	p.Gly103Arg	missense_variant	3/6		XP_016856810.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MPZ	ENST00000533357.5	c.277G>C	p.Gly93Arg	missense_variant	3/6	1	NM_000530.8	ENSP00000432943	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 29

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 29

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type I Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Feb 06, 2019

This sequence change replaces glycine with arginine at codon 93 of the MPZ protein (p.Gly93Arg). The glycine residue is highly conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between glycine and arginine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This variant has been observed to segregate with clinical features of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) in an affected family (Invitae). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive, but these predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies and their clinical significance is uncertain. Two different missense substitutions at this codon (p.Gly93Ala, p.Gly93Glu) have been reported in individuals affected with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (PMID: 21326314, 9217235). These observations suggest that this novel missense substitution at this residue may affect protein function, but this has not been confirmed by published studies and the clinical significance is uncertain. In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.12	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.060
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.66	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.37
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.30
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.88	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.85	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.10	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.87	D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.35	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.7	M
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.78	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.1	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.48
Sift	Benign	0.087	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.065	T
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.84
MutPred		0.65		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0542);
MVP		0.83
MPC		1.5
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		3.8
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.84
gMVP		0.98

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.020		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1553259691; hg19: chr1-161276669;