1-226883825-G-C

Variant names:

• chr1-226883825-G-C
• rs758086169
• NM_000447.3:c.262G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_000447.3(PSEN2):​c.262G>C​(p.Val88Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V88M) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 29)
• Consequence: PSEN2 NM_000447.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.92
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

PSEN2 (HGNC:9509): (presenilin 2) Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1 or PSEN2) or the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor such that, they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity, or themselves act are protease enzymes. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms of PSEN2 have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PSEN2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Alzheimer disease 4

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ENSG00000288674 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.968

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PSEN2	NM_000447.3	c.262G>C	p.Val88Leu	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 13	ENST00000366783.8	NP_000438.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PSEN2	ENST00000366783.8	c.262G>C	p.Val88Leu	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 13	5	NM_000447.3	ENSP00000355747.3
ENSG00000288674	ENST00000366779.6	n.262G>C		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 5 of 32	2		ENSP00000355741.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 29

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251410 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.0000462

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 45

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 29

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.98
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.56	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.56
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.95	D;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.89
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.87
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D;D;.;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.31	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.97	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.6	M;.;M;.;.
PhyloP100		9.9
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.84	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.7	D;D;D;D;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.94
Sift	Uncertain	0.0030	D;D;D;D;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.078	T;D;T;T;T
Polyphen		0.99	D;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.76
MutPred		0.89		Loss of methylation at K86 (P = 0.1141);Loss of methylation at K86 (P = 0.1141);Loss of methylation at K86 (P = 0.1141);.;.;
MVP		0.97
MPC		0.83
ClinPred		0.97	D
GERP RS		5.5
Varity_R		0.66
gMVP		0.79
Mutation Taster		=2/98	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs758086169; hg19: chr1-227071526;