1-33084039-G-C

Variant names:

• chr1-33084039-G-C
• rs748254897
• NM_052998.4:c.191G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_052998.4(AZIN2):​c.191G>C​(p.Arg64Pro) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000657 in 152,200 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. 12/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 32)
• Consequence: AZIN2 NM_052998.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.201
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

AZIN2 (HGNC:29957): (antizyme inhibitor 2) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by maintaining polyamine homeostasis within the cell. Antizyme inhibitors are homologs of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis) that have lost the ability to decarboxylase ornithine; however, retain the ability to bind to antizymes. Antizymes negatively regulate intracellular polyamine levels by binding to ODC and targeting it for degradation, as well as by inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme inhibitors function as positive regulators of polyamine levels by sequestering antizymes and neutralizing their effect. This gene encodes antizyme inhibitor 2, the second member of this gene family. Like antizyme inhibitor 1, antizyme inhibitor 2 interacts with all 3 antizymes and stimulates ODC activity and polyamine uptake. However, unlike antizyme inhibitor 1, which is ubiquitously expressed and localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, antizyme inhibitor 2 is predominantly expressed in the brain and testis and localized in the endoplasmic reticulum-golgi intermediate compartment. Recent studies indicate that antizyme inhibitor 2 is also expressed in specific cell types in ovaries, adrenal glands and pancreas, and in mast cells. The exact function of this gene is not known, however, available data suggest its role in cell growth, spermiogenesis, vesicular trafficking and secretion. Accumulation of antizyme inhibitor 2 has also been observed in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. There has been confusion in literature and databases over the nomenclature of this gene, stemming from an earlier report that a human cDNA clone (identical to ODCp/AZIN2) had arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activity (PMID:14738999). Subsequent studies in human and mouse showed that antizyme inhibitor 2 was devoid of arginine decarboxylase activity (PMID:19956990). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_052998.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	AZIN2	NM_052998.4	MANE Select	c.191G>C	p.Arg64Pro	missense	Exon 5 of 12	NP_443724.1	Q96A70-1
	AZIN2	NM_001301825.1		c.191G>C	p.Arg64Pro	missense	Exon 2 of 9	NP_001288754.1	Q96A70-2
	AZIN2	NM_001293562.2		c.191G>C	p.Arg64Pro	missense	Exon 4 of 11	NP_001280491.1	Q96A70-1

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	AZIN2	ENST00000294517.11	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.191G>C	p.Arg64Pro	missense	Exon 5 of 12	ENSP00000294517.6	Q96A70-1
	AZIN2	ENST00000373441.1	TSL:1	c.191G>C	p.Arg64Pro	missense	Exon 2 of 9	ENSP00000362540.1	Q96A70-2
	AZIN2	ENST00000373443.7	TSL:1	c.191G>C	p.Arg64Pro	missense	Exon 4 of 11	ENSP00000362542.3	Q96A70-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152200 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000147

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251402 AF XY: 0.00000736

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152200 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 74354

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 41448

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15282

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3472

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5194

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4830

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10618

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 316

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.0000147 AC: 1 AN: 68036

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2092

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Uncertain significance

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
-	1	-	not specified (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.52
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.13	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.24
CADD	Benign	19
DANN	Benign	0.97
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.18	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.47
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.45
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.22	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.39	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.023	T
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.45	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.76	T
PhyloP100		0.20
PrimateAI	Benign	0.39	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.3	N
REVEL	Benign	0.27
Sift	Benign	0.23	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.13	T
Polyphen		0.014	B
Vest4		0.64
MutPred		0.72		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0437)
MVP		0.13
MPC		0.21
ClinPred		0.66	D
GERP RS		1.6
Varity_R		0.36
gMVP		0.80
Mutation Taster		=66/34	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs748254897; hg19: chr1-33549640;