1-75734848-ATGAC-A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PVS1PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000016.6(ACADM):c.449_452delCTGA(p.Thr150ArgfsTer4) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000211 in 1,613,722 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 ( 0 hom., cov: 30)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000022 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

ACADM
NM_000016.6 frameshift

Scores

Not classified

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:13

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.91

Publications

21 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

ACADM (HGNC:89): (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain) This gene encodes the medium-chain specific (C4 to C12 straight chain) acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase. The homotetramer enzyme catalyzes the initial step of the mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway. Defects in this gene cause medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, a disease characterized by hepatic dysfunction, fasting hypoglycemia, and encephalopathy, which can result in infantile death. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACADM Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, PanelApp Australia, ClinGen, Orphanet

ACADM links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 16 ACMG points.

PVS1

Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.

PP5

Variant 1-75734848-ATGAC-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr1-75734848-ATGAC-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 189036.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ACADM	NM_000016.6 link	c.449_452delCTGA	p.Thr150ArgfsTer4	frameshift_variant	Exon 6 of 12	ENST00000370841.9	NP_000007.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ACADM	ENST00000370841.9 link	c.449_452delCTGA	p.Thr150ArgfsTer4	frameshift_variant	Exon 6 of 12	1	NM_000016.6	ENSP00000359878.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152172

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000192

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000199

AC:

AN:

251336

AF XY:

0.0000221

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000272

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000219

AC:

AN:

1461550

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000261

AC XY:

AN XY:

727094

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33466

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000447

AC:

AN:

44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26132

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000605

AC:

AN:

39678

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

86246

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53402

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000180

AC:

AN:

1111756

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000331

AC:

AN:

60382

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.420

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152172

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74340

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000241

AC:

AN:

41446

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15276

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000192

AC:

AN:

5196

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4826

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10622

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68018

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000712

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000264

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:13

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency

Pathogenic:11

Sep 09, 2019

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: ACADM c.449_452delCTGA (p.Thr150ArgfsX4) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 2e-05 in 251336 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.449_452delCTGA has been reported in the literature in compound heterozygous and homozygous individuals affected with Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (Ensenauer_2005, Purevsuren_2009). These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. Three clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic.

Mar 20, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Feb 20, 2015

ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Mar 08, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Feb 28, 2020

Beijing Key Laboratry for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Children's Hospital

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Medical Genetics Center, Huaihua City Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

PVS1+PM2_P+PM3+PP4

Feb 22, 2018

Counsyl

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com.

Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

Mar 17, 2017

Natera, Inc.

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

Apr 04, 2024

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

Jan 07, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Thr150Argfs*4) in the ACADM gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in ACADM are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 16121256, 20434380). This variant is present in population databases (rs757500332, gnomAD 0.03%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individuals with MCAD deficiency (PMID: 15915086, 19064330, 22796001, 25503862). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 189036). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic.

not provided

Pathogenic:2

Dec 22, 2022

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This frameshift variant alters the translational reading frame of the ACADM mRNA and causes the premature termination of ACADM protein synthesis. The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.00027 (5/18392 chromosomes, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), is consistent with pathogenicity. In the published literature, the variant has been reported in individuals with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency (PMID: 15915086 (2005), 19064330 (2009), 21239873 (2011), 22796001 (2012), 25503862 (2015), 27856190 (2016), and 33841490 (2021)). Based on the available information, this variant is classified as pathogenic.

Mar 02, 2017

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

PhyloP100

7.9

Mutation Taster

=0/200

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.22

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DL_spliceai

0.22

Position offset: 23

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over