10-121520084-G-C

Variant names:

• chr10-121520084-G-C
• rs1554930790
• NM_000141.5:c.834C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 13 ACMG points: 13P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_000141.5(FGFR2):​c.834C>G​(p.Cys278Trp) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. C278Y) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: FGFR2 NM_000141.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.82

Genes affected

FGFR2 (HGNC:3689): (fibroblast growth factor receptor 2) The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor receptor family, where amino acid sequence is highly conserved between members and throughout evolution. FGFR family members differ from one another in their ligand affinities and tissue distribution. A full-length representative protein consists of an extracellular region, composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains, a single hydrophobic membrane-spanning segment and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. The extracellular portion of the protein interacts with fibroblast growth factors, setting in motion a cascade of downstream signals, ultimately influencing mitogenesis and differentiation. This particular family member is a high-affinity receptor for acidic, basic and/or keratinocyte growth factor, depending on the isoform. Mutations in this gene are associated with Crouzon syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, Craniosynostosis, Apert syndrome, Jackson-Weiss syndrome, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome, Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, and syndromic craniosynostosis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 13 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a disulfide_bond (size 64) in uniprot entity FGFR2_HUMAN there are 35 pathogenic changes around while only 1 benign (97%) in NM_000141.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chrnull-null-null-null is described in UniProt as null.
• PP2: Missense variant in the FGFR2 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 114 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 24 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 2.402 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 4.4365 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Pfeiffer syndrome type 3, Antley-Bixler syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome type 2, Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Jackson-Weiss syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome type 1, LADD syndrome 1, Pfeiffer syndrome, bent bone dysplasia syndrome 1, Antley-Bixler syndrome without genital anomalies or disordered steroidogenesis, familial scaphocephaly syndrome, McGillivray type, Apert syndrome, LADD syndrome.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.979
• PP5: Variant 10-121520084-G-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr10-121520084-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 544302.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
FGFR2	NM_000141.5	c.834C>G	p.Cys278Trp	missense_variant	Exon 7 of 18	ENST00000358487.10	NP_000132.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
FGFR2	ENST00000358487.10	c.834C>G	p.Cys278Trp	missense_variant	Exon 7 of 18	1	NM_000141.5	ENSP00000351276.6
FGFR2	ENST00000457416.7	c.834C>G	p.Cys278Trp	missense_variant	Exon 7 of 18	1		ENSP00000410294.2
FGFR2	ENST00000369056.5	c.834C>G	p.Cys278Trp	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 17	1		ENSP00000358052.1
FGFR2	ENST00000369058.7	c.834C>G	p.Cys278Trp	missense_variant	Exon 7 of 17	1		ENSP00000358054.3
FGFR2	ENST00000613048.4	c.567C>G	p.Cys189Trp	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 17	5		ENSP00000484154.1
FGFR2	ENST00000369059.5	c.489C>G	p.Cys163Trp	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 16	5		ENSP00000358055.1
FGFR2	ENST00000360144.7	c.567C>G	p.Cys189Trp	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 17	2		ENSP00000353262.3
FGFR2	ENST00000478859.5	c.150C>G	p.Cys50Trp	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 17	1		ENSP00000474011.1
FGFR2	ENST00000369061.8	c.749-4765C>G		intron_variant	Intron 5 of 14	1		ENSP00000358057.4
FGFR2	ENST00000604236.5	n.489C>G		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 5 of 17	1		ENSP00000474109.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

FGFR2-related craniosynostosis Pathogenic:1

Aug 04, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the p.Cys278 amino acid residue in FGFR2. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 7655462, 10874645, 11173845, 21189955, 24127277, 27228464). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt FGFR2 protein function. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 544302). This missense change has been observed in individuals with clinical features of FGFR2-related craniosynostosis syndromes (Invitae). This sequence change replaces cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 278 of the FGFR2 protein (p.Cys278Trp). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.55	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.56
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.95	.;.;D;.;.;.;D;.;D;.;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.99
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.89
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.77	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.9	.;.;H;.;.;H;.;H;.;H;.;H;H;.
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.93	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-9.4	D;.;D;.;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.89
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.;D;.;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;.
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;.;.;D;.;.;.;.;.;D;D;.;.
Vest4		0.89
MutPred		0.84		.;.;Loss of methylation at K279 (P = 0.0183);.;.;Loss of methylation at K279 (P = 0.0183);.;Loss of methylation at K279 (P = 0.0183);Loss of methylation at K279 (P = 0.0183);Loss of methylation at K279 (P = 0.0183);.;Loss of methylation at K279 (P = 0.0183);Loss of methylation at K279 (P = 0.0183);.;
MVP		0.98
MPC		2.1
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.8
Varity_R		1.0
gMVP		1.0

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1554930790; hg19: chr10-123279598;