10-133370686-G-T

Variant names:

• chr10-133370686-G-T
• rs758723288
• NM_004092.4:c.160C>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong

The NM_004092.4(ECHS1):​c.160C>A​(p.Arg54Ser) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,908 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R54H) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 34)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: ECHS1 NM_004092.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.13
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

ECHS1 (HGNC:3151): (enoyl-CoA hydratase, short chain 1) The protein encoded by this gene functions in the second step of the mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway. It catalyzes the hydration of 2-trans-enoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) intermediates to L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoAs. The gene product is a member of the hydratase/isomerase superfamily. It localizes to the mitochondrial matrix. Transcript variants utilizing alternative transcription initiation sites have been described in the literature. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ECHS1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Leigh syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• mitochondrial short-chain Enoyl-Coa hydratase 1 deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, ClinGen, G2P, Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia
• Leigh syndrome with leukodystrophy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 2 uncertain in NM_004092.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr10-133370685-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 802642.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 35 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 4 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 0.8627 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 0.70218 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Leigh syndrome with leukodystrophy, Leigh syndrome, mitochondrial short-chain Enoyl-Coa hydratase 1 deficiency.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.98

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ECHS1	NM_004092.4	c.160C>A	p.Arg54Ser	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 8	ENST00000368547.4	NP_004083.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ECHS1	ENST00000368547.4	c.160C>A	p.Arg54Ser	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 8	1	NM_004092.4	ENSP00000357535.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1460908 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 726724

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33466

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44652

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26120

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39674

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86162

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 52974

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5764

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111730

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60366

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 34

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.98
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.29	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.18
CADD	Pathogenic	31
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.18	T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.87
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.81
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.038	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.13	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.6	M
PhyloP100		6.1
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.54	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.6	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.51
Sift	Uncertain	0.016	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.015	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.93
MutPred		0.94		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.121);
MVP		0.79
MPC		1.4
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.8
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.96
gMVP		0.95
Mutation Taster		=9/91	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs758723288; hg19: chr10-135184190;