Genetic Variant GAD2:p.Gly41Arg (chr10-26217654-G-A) – ACMG Classification: Likely_benign (-3 pts)

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points: 1P and 4B. PP3BS2

The NM_001134366.2(GAD2):c.121G>A(p.Gly41Arg) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000223 in 1,613,584 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00012 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000012 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GAD2
NM_001134366.2 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.05

Variant links:

Genes affected

GAD2 (HGNC:4093): (glutamate decarboxylase 2) This gene encodes one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. A pathogenic role for this enzyme has been identified in the human pancreas since it has been identified as an autoantibody and an autoreactive T cell target in insulin-dependent diabetes. This gene may also play a role in the stiff man syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

GAD2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.778

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 18 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GAD2	NM_001134366.2 link	c.121G>A	p.Gly41Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 16	ENST00000376261.8	NP_001127838.1	Q05329Q5VZ30
GAD2	NM_000818.3 link	c.121G>A	p.Gly41Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 17		NP_000809.1	Q05329Q5VZ30

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GAD2	ENST00000376261.8 link	c.121G>A	p.Gly41Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 16	1	NM_001134366.2	ENSP00000365437.3	Q05329
GAD2	ENST00000259271.7 link	c.121G>A	p.Gly41Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 17	1		ENSP00000259271.3	Q05329
GAD2	ENST00000428517.2 link	n.121G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 2 of 4	1		ENSP00000390434.2	Q5VZ31
GAD2	ENST00000648567 link	c.-222G>A		5_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 2 of 17			ENSP00000498009.1	A0A3B3IU09

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000118

AC:

AN:

152234

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00105

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.000478

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000121

AC:

AN:

248580

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000148

AC XY:

AN XY:

134818

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000581

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000165

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000123

AC:

AN:

1461350

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000165

AC XY:

AN XY:

726970

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000179

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000270

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000116

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000118

AC:

AN:

152234

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000121

AC XY:

AN XY:

74376

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00105

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.000478

Alfa

AF:

0.0000675

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000227

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified

Uncertain:1

Oct 25, 2022

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.121G>A (p.G41R) alteration is located in exon 2 (coding exon 2) of the GAD2 gene. This alteration results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 121, causing the glycine (G) at amino acid position 41 to be replaced by an arginine (R). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.75

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.021

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.090

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.44

T;T

Eigen

Uncertain

0.67

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.63

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.90

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.93

.;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.071

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.78

D;D

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.51

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.69

N;N

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.86

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.6

N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.26

Sift

Uncertain

0.0020

D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.021

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D

Vest4

0.85

MutPred

0.60

Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0119);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0119);

MVP

0.71

MPC

1.0

ClinPred

0.52

GERP RS

5.7

Varity_R

0.36

gMVP

0.68

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.020

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over