10-43112149-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM1

The NM_020975.6(RET):c.1573C>T(p.Arg525Trp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000094 in 1,595,130 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R525Q) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 34)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000083 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

RET
NM_020975.6 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:4B:1O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 1.23

Publications

9 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

RET (HGNC:9967): (ret proto-oncogene) This gene encodes a transmembrane receptor and member of the tyrosine protein kinase family of proteins. Binding of ligands such as GDNF (glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor) and other related proteins to the encoded receptor stimulates receptor dimerization and activation of downstream signaling pathways that play a role in cell differentiation, growth, migration and survival. The encoded receptor is important in development of the nervous system, and the development of organs and tissues derived from the neural crest. This proto-oncogene can undergo oncogenic activation through both cytogenetic rearrangement and activating point mutations. Mutations in this gene are associated with Hirschsprung disease and central hypoventilation syndrome and have been identified in patients with renal agenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

RET Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

familial medullary thyroid carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen, G2P
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
pheochromocytoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Haddad syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Hirschsprung disease
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
renal agenesis, unilateral
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
bilateral renal agenesis
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
renal agenesis
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: G2P

RET links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 29 uncertain in NM_020975.6

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RET	NM_020975.6 link	c.1573C>T	p.Arg525Trp	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 20	ENST00000355710.8	NP_066124.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RET	ENST00000355710.8 link	c.1573C>T	p.Arg525Trp	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 20	5	NM_020975.6	ENSP00000347942.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152224

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000414

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000937

AC:

AN:

213512

AF XY:

0.00

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.0000620

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000832

AC:

AN:

1442788

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000978

AC XY:

AN XY:

715732

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000302

AC:

AN:

33112

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

42116

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

25768

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000517

AC:

AN:

38700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000120

AC:

AN:

83084

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

51806

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000175

AC:

AN:

5730

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000363

AC:

AN:

1102800

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000503

AC:

AN:

59672

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.479

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152342

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74498

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000240

AC:

AN:

41586

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15304

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5180

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000414

AC:

AN:

4828

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10628

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68028

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.458

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000225

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000756

ExAC

AF:

0.0000166

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4Benign:1Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A;C0025269:Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B;C0031511:Pheochromocytoma;C1833921:Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma;C3888239:Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 1

Uncertain:1

Apr 23, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2

Uncertain:1

Dec 15, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 525 of the RET protein (p.Arg525Trp). The frequency data for this variant in the population databases is considered unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the gnomAD database. This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), however a different pathogenic RET variant was also identified in these individuals. This variant has also been reported in an unaffected individual (PMID: 25425582, 26356818). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 135191). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. Experimental studies are conflicting or provide insufficient evidence to determine the effect of this variant on RET function (PMID: 26356818). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

May 30, 2023

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Co-observed in trans with a RET pathogenic variant in individuals with medullary thyroid cancer from a single family (Qi et al., 2015); Published functional studies demonstrate: cellular proliferation similar to wildtype, slightly increased Akt phosphorylation, inhibition of RET glycosylation and dimerization, and aberrant cellular localization (Qi et al., 2015); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 14633923, 24728327, 25425582, 33827484, 26356818) -

RET-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Mar 04, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The RET c.1573C>T variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Arg525Trp. This variant was previously reported in five individuals from one family; three individuals were unaffected, while two individuals (who also harbored a second RET variant) presented with familial medullary thyroid carcinoma associated with cutaneous amyloidosis (Qi et al. 2015. PubMed ID: 26356818). This variant is reported in 0.0057% of alleles in individuals of East Asian descent in gnomAD (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/10-43607597-C-T). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:1

Mar 27, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

not specified

Other:1

Sep 19, 2013

ITMI

Significance:not provided

Review Status:no classification provided

Collection Method:reference population

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.16

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.10

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

0.090

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.80

D;D;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.28

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.21

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.83

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.94

D;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.60

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.43

T;T;T

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.5

M;.;M

PhyloP100

1.2

PrimateAI

Benign

0.36

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.8

D;D;D

REVEL

Uncertain

0.57

Sift

Uncertain

0.0030

D;D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0010

D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;D

Vest4

0.60

MutPred

0.41

Loss of disorder (P = 5e-04);.;Loss of disorder (P = 5e-04);

MVP

0.79

MPC

0.42

ClinPred

0.94

GERP RS

4.8

Varity_R

0.22

gMVP

0.78

Mutation Taster

=10/90

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over