10-77993368-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PVS1_ModeratePM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_007055.4(POLR3A):c.2617-1G>A variant causes a splice acceptor, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000285 in 1,613,172 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000026 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000029 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

POLR3A
NM_007055.4 splice_acceptor, intron

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 1.000

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:12O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.50

Publications

4 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

POLR3A (HGNC:30074): (RNA polymerase III subunit A) The protein encoded by this gene is the catalytic component of RNA polymerase III, which synthesizes small RNAs. The encoded protein also acts as a sensor to detect foreign DNA and trigger an innate immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

POLR3A Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

odontoleukodystrophy
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Illumina, Orphanet
Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 7, with or without oligodontia and/or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
hypomyelination-cerebellar atrophy-hypoplasia of the corpus callosum syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
hypomyelination-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-hypodontia syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
tremor-ataxia-central hypomyelination syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

POLR3A links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points.

PVS1

Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.040977713 fraction of the gene. Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 4.7, offset of 5, new splice context is: ctccttttcctttaacgaAGgct. Cryptic site results in frameshift change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in inframe change.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 10-77993368-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr10-77993368-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 31146.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_007055.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLR3A	NM_007055.4	MANE Select	c.2617-1G>A		splice_acceptor intron	N/A	NP_008986.2

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
POLR3A	ENST00000372371.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.2617-1G>A	splice_acceptor intron	N/A	ENSP00000361446.3
POLR3A	ENST00000698731.1		c.2476-1G>A	splice_acceptor intron	N/A	ENSP00000513898.1
POLR3A	ENST00000472014.5	TSL:3	n.470-1G>A	splice_acceptor intron	N/A

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152092

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000588

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000239

AC:

AN:

251114

AF XY:

0.0000147

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000528

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000287

AC:

AN:

1460962

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000261

AC XY:

AN XY:

726890

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33448

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44718

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26126

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39672

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86242

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53374

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5762

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000360

AC:

AN:

1111250

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000166

AC:

AN:

60370

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.500

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152210

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74426

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41514

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15290

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3468

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5176

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4814

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10602

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000588

AC:

AN:

68024

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2116

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000574

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000302

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000270

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000259

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000109

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:12Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:4

Oct 09, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Canonical splice site variant predicted to result in an in-frame loss of the adjacent exon in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25339210, 30414627, 30323018, 21855841, 28459997, 39825153, 37197783, 36344503)

May 01, 2019

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Jul 23, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change affects an acceptor splice site in intron 19 of the POLR3A gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in POLR3A are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 21855841, 25339210, 27612211, 30414627, 30450527). This variant is present in population databases (rs181087667, gnomAD 0.005%). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individuals with POLR3A-related conditions (PMID: 21855841). This variant is also known as c.2711-1G>A. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 31146). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic.

Oct 23, 2020

Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tübingen

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Neonatal pseudo-hydrocephalic progeroid syndrome

Pathogenic:4

May 01, 2018

Tartaglia Lab, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

Oct 01, 2018

Cole/Wambach Lab, Washington University in St. Louis

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

Sep 09, 2011

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, University of Washington

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:research

Leukoencephalopathy, ataxia, hypodontia, hypomyelination syndrome

Pathogenic:3Other:1

Sep 09, 2011

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

GeneReviews

Significance:not provided

Review Status:no classification provided

Collection Method:literature only

Dec 02, 2020

Molecular Diagnostics Lab, Nemours Children's Health, Delaware

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This intronic variant (c.2617-1G>A) predicts alteration of normal splicing, and was observed at extremely low frequency in population databases (gnomAD). The change has been reported in the literature (PMID 31855841, PMID 30323018, PMID 30414627). This heterozygous change was seen in an unaffected parent of a deceased affected patient.

Jun 01, 2022

Solve-RD Consortium

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:provider interpretation

Variant confirmed as disease-causing by referring clinical team

Leukodystrophy

Pathogenic:1

Jan 24, 2023

Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

The c.2617-1G>A variant in POLR3A has been reported in 5 individuals with POLR3A-related disorders (PMID: 28459997, 30323018, 30414627, 25339210, 21855841), and has been identified in (7/128958) of European (Non-Finnish) chromosomes by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP ID: rs181087667). Although this variant has been seen in the general population in a heterozygous state, its frequency is low enough to be consistent with a recessive carrier frequency. This variant has also been reported in ClinVar (VariationID: 31146) and has been interpreted as pathogenic or likely pathogenic by multiple submitters. Of the 5 affected individuals, at least 1 was a compound heterozygote that carried a reported pathogenic variants in trans, which increases the likelihood that the c.2617-1G>A variant is pathogenic (VariationID: 445922, 31145; PMID: 28459997, 30323018). In vitro functional studies provide some evidence that the c.2617-1G>A variant may impact protein function (PMID: 21855841). However, these types of assays may not accurately represent biological function. This variant is located in the 5' splice region. SpliceAI predictions indicate use of an out-of-frame cryptic splice site 5 bases from the intron-exon boundary, providing evidence that this variant may cause a frameshift and lead to a premature termination codon downstream. This alteration is then predicted to lead to a truncated or absent protein. However, this information is not predictive enough to determine pathogenicity. Loss of function of the POLR3A gene is an established disease mechanism in autosomal recessive POLR3A-related disorders. In summary, although additional studies are required to fully establish its clinical significance, this variant is likely pathogenic for autosomal recessive POLR3A-related disorders. ACMG/AMP Criteria applied: PVS1_strong, PM3, PM2_supporting, PS3_moderate (Richards 2015).

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.53

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.44

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

Eigen

Pathogenic

1.2

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

1.1

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

PhyloP100

7.5

GERP RS

5.9

Mutation Taster

=2/98

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

0.94

SpliceAI score (max)

0.99

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_AG_spliceai

0.45

Position offset: -6

DS_AL_spliceai

0.99

Position offset: -1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over