10-99716419-A-G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM2PP3_ModeratePP5

The NM_078470.6(COX15):c.1030T>C(p.Ser344Pro) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000496 in 1,613,970 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 30)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

COX15
NM_078470.6 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:3U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.77

Variant links:

Genes affected

COX15 (HGNC:2263): (cytochrome c oxidase assembly homolog COX15) Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, catalyzes the electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to oxygen. This component is a heteromeric complex consisting of 3 catalytic subunits encoded by mitochondrial genes and multiple structural subunits encoded by nuclear genes. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits function in electron transfer, and the nuclear-encoded subunits may function in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This nuclear gene encodes a protein which is not a structural subunit, but may be essential for the biogenesis of COX formation and may function in the hydroxylation of heme O, according to the yeast mutant studies. This protein is predicted to contain 5 transmembrane domains localized in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Alternative splicing of this gene generates two transcript variants diverging in the 3' region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

COX15 links:

ENSG00000285932 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000285932 links:

CUTC (HGNC:24271): (cutC copper transporter) Members of the CUT family of copper transporters are associated with copper homeostasis and are involved in the uptake, storage, delivery, and efflux of copper (Gupta et al., 1995 [PubMed 7635807]; Li et al., 2005 [PubMed 16182249]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

CUTC links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.925

PP5

Variant 10-99716419-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr10-99716419-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 40258.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Uncertain_significance=1, Likely_pathogenic=2}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
COX15	NM_078470.6 link	c.1030T>C	p.Ser344Pro	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 9	ENST00000016171.6	NP_510870.1	Q7KZN9-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
COX15	ENST00000016171.6 link	c.1030T>C	p.Ser344Pro	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 9	1	NM_078470.6	ENSP00000016171.6	Q7KZN9-1
ENSG00000285932	ENST00000649102.1 link	n.*389T>C		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 8 of 13			ENSP00000497114.1	A0A3B3IRX1
ENSG00000285932	ENST00000649102.1 link	n.*389T>C		3_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 8 of 13			ENSP00000497114.1	A0A3B3IRX1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152132

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000479

AC:

AN:

1461720

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000550

AC XY:

AN XY:

727180

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000630

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152250

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74430

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.00000756

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Cardioencephalomyopathy, fatal infantile, due to cytochrome c oxidase deficiency 2

Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	May 01, 2005	- -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics	Mar 15, 2024	- -

not provided

Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Mar 10, 2025

Reported with a second COX15 variant, phase unknown, in unrelated patients with COX15-related features referred for genetic testing at GeneDx and in published literature (PMID: 15863660, 39113384); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 33238568, 34426522, 22310368, 26940873, 33746038, 33171185, 21680271, 32232962, 34428995, 26959537, 39113384, 15863660) -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Mar 14, 2024

Variant summary: COX15 c.1030T>C (p.Ser344Pro) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 250864 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.1030T>C has been reported in the literature as a compound heterozygous genotype together with a truncating variant in an individual affected with Leigh Syndrome (Bugiani_2005). Biochemical assays showed an isolated COX deficiency in both skeletal muscle and cultured fibroblasts from this patient (42% and 22% residual activity compared to controls, respectively), suggesting the variant impairs protein function (Bugiani_2005). These data suggest the variant may be associated with Leigh syndrome. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 15863660, 31102535). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 40258). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as VUS-possibly pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.70

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.41

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.35

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.94

.;D

Eigen

Uncertain

0.67

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.62

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

1.0

LIST_S2

Benign

0.82

T;T

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.18

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.93

D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.50

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.0

M;M

PrimateAI

Benign

0.45

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.6

D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.84

Sift

Uncertain

0.011

D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.020

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D

Vest4

0.91

MutPred

0.72

Loss of helix (P = 0.0376);Loss of helix (P = 0.0376);

MVP

0.95

MPC

0.61

ClinPred

0.99

GERP RS

5.6

Varity_R

0.96

gMVP

0.97

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over