11-89227823-G-C

Variant names:

• chr11-89227823-G-C
• rs773970123
• NM_000372.5:c.1037G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3

The NM_000372.5(TYR):​c.1037G>C​(p.Gly346Ala) variant causes a missense, splice region change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 2/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G346R) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: TYR NM_000372.5 missense, splice_region
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.9994
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.36
• Publications: 8 publications found

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

TYR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• oculocutaneous albinism type 1A

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine
• Waardenburg syndrome type 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• oculocutaneous albinism type 1B

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 4 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 9 uncertain in NM_000372.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr11-89191418-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1477155.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 116 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 3 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -1.9514 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: -0.85521 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Waardenburg syndrome type 2, oculocutaneous albinism type 1A, oculocutaneous albinism type 1, oculocutaneous albinism type 1B, minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1, temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1.
• PP3: Splicing predictors support a deleterious effect. Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF. No scorers claiming Uncertain. Scorers claiming Benign: max_spliceai.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000372.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	TYR	NM_000372.5	MANE Select	c.1037G>C	p.Gly346Ala	missense splice_region	Exon 3 of 5	NP_000363.1	P14679-1

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	TYR	ENST00000263321.6	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1037G>C	p.Gly346Ala	missense splice_region	Exon 3 of 5	ENSP00000263321.4	P14679-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.94
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.52	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.51
CADD	Pathogenic	30
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.97	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.88
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.82
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.92	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.48	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.94	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.8	M
PhyloP100		9.4
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.67	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.5	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.94
Sift	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.90
MutPred		0.73		Loss of helix (P = 0.079)
MVP		1.0
MPC		0.075
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.1
Varity_R		0.77
gMVP		0.90
Mutation Taster		=22/78	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.98
SpliceAI score (max)		0.030		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs773970123; hg19: chr11-88960991;