11-89284853-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Moderate

The NM_000372.5(TYR):c.1265G>T(p.Arg422Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,459,988 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R422Q) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: TYR NM_000372.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.51

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 5 uncertain in NM_000372.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr11-89284853-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 3782.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.866

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
TYR	NM_000372.5	c.1265G>T	p.Arg422Leu	missense_variant	4/5	ENST00000263321.6
TYR	XM_011542970.3	c.1265G>T	p.Arg422Leu	missense_variant	4/6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
TYR	ENST00000263321.6	c.1265G>T	p.Arg422Leu	missense_variant	4/5	1	NM_000372.5	P1
TYR	ENST00000528243.1	n.263G>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	2/3	5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000399 AC: 1 AN: 250424 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000739 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135348

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1459988 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 726336

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.31
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.30	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.29
Cadd	Uncertain	25
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.74	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.55
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.50
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.94	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.38	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.87	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.7	M
MutationTaster	Benign	0.99	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.55	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.5	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.70
Sift	Benign	0.15	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.28	T
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.76
MutPred		0.51		Gain of sheet (P = 0.0125);
MVP		1.0
MPC		0.046
ClinPred		0.89	D
GERP RS		4.7
Varity_R		0.26
gMVP		0.89

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs61754393; hg19: chr11-89018021; COSMIC: COSV54480810;