12-102844364-C-T

Variant names:

• chr12-102844364-C-T
• rs1555203737
• NM_000277.3:c.1037G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_000277.3(PAH):​c.1037G>A​(p.Gly346Glu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 12/21 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PAH NM_000277.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.91

Genes affected

PAH (HGNC:8582): (phenylalanine hydroxylase) This gene encodes a member of the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase protein family. The encoded phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme hydroxylates phenylalanine to tyrosine and is the rate-limiting step in phenylalanine catabolism. Deficiency of this enzyme activity results in the autosomal recessive disorder phenylketonuria. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a helix (size 3) in uniprot entity PH4H_HUMAN there are 11 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_000277.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.995
• PP5: Variant 12-102844364-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr12-102844364-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 458078.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PAH	NM_000277.3	c.1037G>A	p.Gly346Glu	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 13	ENST00000553106.6	NP_000268.1
PAH	NM_001354304.2	c.1037G>A	p.Gly346Glu	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 14		NP_001341233.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PAH	ENST00000553106.6	c.1037G>A	p.Gly346Glu	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 13	1	NM_000277.3	ENSP00000448059.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Phenylketonuria Pathogenic:1

Oct 09, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, at codon 346 of the PAH protein (p.Gly346Glu). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with phenylketonuria (PMID: 32668217; Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 458078). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt PAH protein function. This variant disrupts the p.Gly346 amino acid residue in PAH. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 16256386). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.56	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.57
CADD	Pathogenic	30
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	1.0	D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.1
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	1.0
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.85	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	1.0	D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.92	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.9	H;.
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.88	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.5	D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.98
Sift	Uncertain	0.012	D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.
Vest4		0.99
MutPred		0.96		Gain of ubiquitination at K341 (P = 0.0797);.;
MVP		0.98
MPC		0.26
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.8
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.98
gMVP		1.0

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555203737; hg19: chr12-103238142;