12-52286313-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 2P and 1B. PM2 BP4

The NM_002281.4(KRT81):c.1460C>G(p.Ser487Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: KRT81 NM_002281.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.23

Genes affected

KRT81 (HGNC:6458): (keratin 81) The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. As a type II hair keratin, it is a basic protein which heterodimerizes with type I keratins to form hair and nails. The type II hair keratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q13 and are grouped into two distinct subfamilies based on structure similarity. One subfamily, consisting of KRTHB1, KRTHB3, and KRTHB6, is highly related. The other less-related subfamily includes KRTHB2, KRTHB4, and KRTHB5. All hair keratins are expressed in the hair follicle; this hair keratin, as well as KRTHB3 and KRTHB6, is found primarily in the hair cortex. Mutations in this gene and KRTHB6 have been observed in patients with a rare dominant hair disease, monilethrix. Some human genome assemblies (example T2T-CHM13) have a non-coding version of the gene due to the presence of a SNP that introduces a premature stop codon after codon 281. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2024]

KRT86 (HGNC:6463): (keratin 86) This gene encodes a type II keratin protein, which heterodimerizes with type I keratins to form hair and nails. This gene is present in a cluster of related genes and pseudogenes on chromosome 12. Mutations in this gene have been observed in patients with the hair disease monilethrix. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.29065326).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
KRT81	NM_002281.4	c.1460C>G	p.Ser487Cys	missense_variant	9/9	ENST00000327741.9
KRT86	NM_001320198.2	c.-5+10367G>C		intron_variant		ENST00000423955.7
KRT81	XM_047428838.1	c.1460C>G	p.Ser487Cys	missense_variant	10/10
KRT86	XM_005268866.5	c.129+10367G>C		intron_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
KRT81	ENST00000327741.9	c.1460C>G	p.Ser487Cys	missense_variant	9/9	1	NM_002281.4	P1
KRT86	ENST00000423955.7	c.-5+10367G>C		intron_variant		2	NM_001320198.2	P1
KRT86	ENST00000553310.6	c.-4-15600G>C		intron_variant		4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Oct 04, 2022

The c.1460C>G (p.S487C) alteration is located in exon 9 (coding exon 9) of the KRT81 gene. This alteration results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 1460, causing the serine (S) at amino acid position 487 to be replaced by a cysteine (C). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.085
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.050	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.17
Cadd	Benign	21
Dann	Benign	0.93
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.060	T
Eigen	Benign	0.14
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.072
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.72	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.44	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.062	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.29	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.34	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.6	L
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.32	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.6	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.51
Sift	Uncertain	0.019	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.012	D
Polyphen		0.97	D
Vest4		0.29
MutPred		0.35		Gain of catalytic residue at S482 (P = 0);
MVP		0.66
MPC		0.36
ClinPred		0.45	T
GERP RS		3.4
Varity_R		0.14
gMVP		0.036

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

No publications associated with this variant yet.

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr12-52680097;