13-23340449-G-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -13 ACMG points: 0P and 13B. BP4_StrongBP6BS1BS2

The NM_014363.6(SACS):c.3427C>A(p.Gln1143Lys) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00102 in 1,613,992 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 3 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. Q1143E) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00086 ( 1 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0010 ( 2 hom. )

Consequence

SACS
NM_014363.6 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:5B:8

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.13

Publications

11 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

SACS (HGNC:10519): (sacsin molecular chaperone) This gene encodes the sacsin protein, which includes a UbL domain at the N-terminus, a DnaJ domain, and a HEPN domain at the C-terminus. The gene is highly expressed in the central nervous system, also found in skin, skeletal muscles and at low levels in the pancreas. This gene includes a very large exon spanning more than 12.8 kb. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early-onset cerebellar ataxia with spasticity and peripheral neuropathy. The authors of a publication on the effects of siRNA-mediated sacsin knockdown concluded that sacsin protects against mutant ataxin-1 and suggest that "the large multi-domain sacsin protein is able to recruit Hsp70 chaperone action and has the potential to regulate the effects of other ataxia proteins" (Parfitt et al., PubMed: 19208651). A pseudogene associated with this gene is located on chromosome 11. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

SACS Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Myriad Women’s Health

SACS links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -13 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.009171039).

BP6

Variant 13-23340449-G-T is Benign according to our data. Variant chr13-23340449-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 212112.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submission is: [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity].

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population amr. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.00086 (131/152312) while in subpopulation AMR AF = 0.0015 (23/15304). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.00103. There are 1 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 65 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 33. This position passed quality control check.

BS2

High Homozygotes in GnomAdExome4 at 2 AR gene

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SACS	NM_014363.6 link	c.3427C>A	p.Gln1143Lys	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 10	ENST00000382292.9	NP_055178.3	Q9NZJ4-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SACS	ENST00000382292.9 link	c.3427C>A	p.Gln1143Lys	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 10	5	NM_014363.6	ENSP00000371729.3		Q9NZJ4-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000828

AC:

126

AN:

152194

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000265

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00150

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00288

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00141

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00316

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000838

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00383

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00110

AC:

277

AN:

251066

AF XY:

0.00105

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000185

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00171

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00387

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00120

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00115

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00180

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00103

AC:

1512

AN:

1461680

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00101

AC XY:

734

AN XY:

727138

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000478

AC:

AN:

33462

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00193

AC:

AN:

44670

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00410

AC:

107

AN:

26122

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39694

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000209

AC:

AN:

86218

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00152

AC:

AN:

53410

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000347

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000998

AC:

1110

AN:

1111952

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00152

AC:

AN:

60384

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

173

259

346

432

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Exome Hom

Variant carriers

132

176

220

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000860

AC:

131

AN:

152312

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000873

AC XY:

AN XY:

74480

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000385

AC:

AN:

41568

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00150

AC:

AN:

15304

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00288

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000193

AC:

AN:

5178

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4834

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00141

AC:

AN:

10612

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00340

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000838

AC:

AN:

68028

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00379

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.515

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000956

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00116

TwinsUK

AF:

0.00135

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000259

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000454

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00186

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.00106

AC:

129

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000577

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.00115

EpiControl

AF:

0.00107

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5Benign:8

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Feb 22, 2015

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Nov 21, 2024

Athena Diagnostics

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jul 07, 2025

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: SACS c.3427C>A (p.Gln1143Lys) results in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0011 in 251066 control chromosomes. This frequency is not significantly higher than estimated for a pathogenic variant in SACS causing Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia Of Charlevoix-Saguenay (0.0011 vs 0.0079), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.3427C>A has been observed in compound heterozygous individuals carrying second variants largely classified as likely benign in ClinVar, in individuals affected with some clinical features of Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia Of Charlevoix-Saguenay, spastic paraplegia with no brain MRI findings, or an individual affected with cerebellar vermis, hypoplasia, and oculomotor apraxia (e.g. Sun_2019, Musante_2022, Martinez-Rubio_2022). These report(s) do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia Of Charlevoix-Saguenay. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 29915382, 35328054, 36233161). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 212112). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as VUS-possibly benign. -

Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Sep 05, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Jul 27, 2020

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was determined to be of uncertain significance according to ACMG Guidelines, 2015 [PMID:25741868]. -

not provided

Uncertain:1Benign:2

Jun 17, 2022

Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

BP4 -

Feb 01, 2023

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

SACS: BP4 -

Mar 29, 2019

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

See Variant Classification Assertion Criteria. -

Spastic paraplegia

Benign:1

Oct 29, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Inborn genetic diseases

Benign:1

Sep 18, 2021

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

SACS-related disorder

Benign:1

Nov 30, 2020

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

Hereditary spastic paraplegia

Benign:1

Mar 30, 2021

Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.080

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.36

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.31

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.15

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.13

.;T

Eigen

Benign

-0.36

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.18

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.88

LIST_S2

Benign

0.80

T;T

M_CAP

Benign

0.039

MetaRNN

Benign

0.0092

T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

-0.23

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.82

.;L

PhyloP100

7.1

PrimateAI

Benign

0.36

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.31

N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.18

Sift

Benign

1.0

T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.43

T;T

Polyphen

0.0

.;B

Vest4

0.075

MVP

0.75

ClinPred

0.035

GERP RS

5.3

Varity_R

0.13

gMVP

0.32

Mutation Taster

=3/97

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over