14-24259938-A-G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000359.3(TGM1):c.876+2T>C variant causes a splice donor, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000304 in 1,613,612 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 2/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000030 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

TGM1
NM_000359.3 splice_donor, intron

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 0.9248

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:7

Conservation

PhyloP100: 9.32

Publications

5 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

TGM1 (HGNC:11777): (transglutaminase 1) The protein encoded by this gene is a membrane protein that catalyzes the addition of an alkyl group from an akylamine to a glutamine residue of a protein, forming an alkylglutamine in the protein. This protein alkylation leads to crosslinking of proteins and catenation of polyamines to proteins. This gene contains either one or two copies of a 22 nt repeat unit in its 3' UTR. Mutations in this gene have been associated with autosomal recessive lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TGM1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Myriad Women’s Health, PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp
acral self-healing collodion baby
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
bathing suit ichthyosis
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
congenital non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
lamellar ichthyosis
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
self-healing collodion baby
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

TGM1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

PVS1

Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 5.8, offset of 5, new splice context is: atgGTgcgg. Cryptic site results in frameshift change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in frameshift change.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 14-24259938-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr14-24259938-A-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 372533.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TGM1	NM_000359.3 link	c.876+2T>C		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 5 of 14	ENST00000206765.11	NP_000350.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein
TGM1	ENST00000206765.11 link	c.876+2T>C	splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 5 of 14	1	NM_000359.3	ENSP00000206765.6
TGM1	ENST00000544573.5 link	c.-28-1550T>C	intron_variant	Intron 2 of 8	2		ENSP00000439446.1
TGM1	ENST00000559136.1 link	c.-52+2T>C	splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 1 of 6	5		ENSP00000453337.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000329

AC:

AN:

152040

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000588

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000199

AC:

AN:

251302

AF XY:

0.0000294

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000440

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000301

AC:

AN:

1461572

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000248

AC XY:

AN XY:

727126

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33478

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86254

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53386

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000396

AC:

AN:

1111746

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60386

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.497

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000329

AC:

AN:

152040

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74264

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000242

AC:

AN:

41386

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15270

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5188

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10594

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

314

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000588

AC:

AN:

67988

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2092

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.515

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000228

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000264

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:7

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 1

Pathogenic:4

Nov 16, 2021

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

NM_000359.2(TGM1):c.876+2T>C is a canonical splice variant classified as pathogenic in the context of TGM1-related autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. c.876+2T>C has been observed in cases with relevant disease (PMID: 28403434, 18948357, 19241467, 22437313). Functional assessments of this variant are not available in the literature. c.876+2T>C has been observed in population frequency databases (gnomAD: NFE 0.005%). In summary, NM_000359.2(TGM1):c.876+2T>C is a canonical splice variant in a gene where loss of function is a known mechanism of disease, is predicted to disrupt protein function, and has been observed more frequently in cases with the relevant disease than in healthy populations. Please note: this variant was assessed in the context of healthy population screening.

May 17, 2023

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

Mar 27, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

not provided

Pathogenic:3

Aug 03, 2018

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Jan 21, 2019

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The c.876+2 T>C variant in the TGM1 gene has been reported previously in association with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (Farasat et al., 2009). This splice site variant destroys the canonical splice donor site in intron 5. It is predicted to cause abnormal gene splicing, either leading to an abnormal message that is subject to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, or to an abnormal protein product if the message is used for protein translation. In addition, the c.876+2 T>C variant was not observed in approximately 6,500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. We interpret c.876+2 T>C as a pathogenic variant.

Jan 09, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 5 of the TGM1 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in TGM1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 18948357, 19241467). This variant is present in population databases (rs151054393, gnomAD 0.004%). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individuals with congenital ichthyosis (PMID: 18948357, 22437313, 28403434). This variant is also known as IVS5+2T>C. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 372533). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.55

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.23

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.89

Eigen

Uncertain

0.65

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.32

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

PhyloP100

9.3

GERP RS

1.7

PromoterAI

-0.076

Neutral

(source)

Mutation Taster

=8/92

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Benign

0.92

dbscSNV1_RF

Benign

0.48

SpliceAI score (max)

0.95

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DG_spliceai

0.53

Position offset: 28

DS_DL_spliceai

0.95

Position offset: 2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over