14-54845843-C-T

Variant names:

• chr14-54845843-C-T
• rs104894445
• NM_000161.3:c.551G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 19 ACMG points: 19P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000161.3(GCH1):​c.551G>A​(p.Arg184His) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000347 in 1,442,592 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R184C) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000035 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GCH1 NM_000161.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.90
• Publications: 12 publications found

Genes affected

GCH1 (HGNC:4193): (GTP cyclohydrolase 1) This gene encodes a member of the GTP cyclohydrolase family. The encoded protein is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis, catalyzing the conversion of GTP into 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate. BH4 is an essential cofactor required by aromatic amino acid hydroxylases as well as nitric oxide synthases. Mutations in this gene are associated with malignant hyperphenylalaninemia and dopa-responsive dystonia. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described; however, not all variants give rise to a functional enzyme. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GCH1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• dystonia 5

  Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency with hyperphenylalaninemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Genomics England PanelApp, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency

  Inheritance: SD, AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Illumina

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 19 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 6 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 5 uncertain in NM_000161.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr14-54845844-G-A is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 1460390.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 30 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 1 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 1.5191 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 0.62455 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency, dystonia 5, GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency with hyperphenylalaninemia.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.988
• PP5: Variant 14-54845843-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr14-54845843-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 9290.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000161.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GCH1	NM_000161.3	MANE Select	c.551G>A	p.Arg184His	missense	Exon 5 of 6	NP_000152.1	P30793-1
	GCH1	NM_001024024.2		c.551G>A	p.Arg184His	missense	Exon 5 of 7	NP_001019195.1	P30793-1
	GCH1	NM_001024070.2		c.551G>A	p.Arg184His	missense	Exon 5 of 7	NP_001019241.1	P30793-4

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GCH1	ENST00000491895.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.551G>A	p.Arg184His	missense	Exon 5 of 6	ENSP00000419045.2	P30793-1
	GCH1	ENST00000395514.5	TSL:1	c.551G>A	p.Arg184His	missense	Exon 5 of 7	ENSP00000378890.1	P30793-1
	GCH1	ENST00000543643.6	TSL:1	c.551G>A	p.Arg184His	missense	Exon 5 of 7	ENSP00000444011.2	P30793-4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000347 AC: 5 AN: 1442592 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 26 AF XY: 0.00000417 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 718898

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33074

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44710

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.0000384 AC: 1 AN: 26020

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39596

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000116 AC: 1 AN: 85838

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53410

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5728

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000274 AC: 3 AN: 1094438

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 59778

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Pathogenic

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
1	-	-	GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency (1)
1	-	-	GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency with hyperphenylalaninemia (1)
1	-	-	GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency;C1851920:Dystonia 5 (1)
1	-	-	not provided (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.93
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.53	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.52
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.96	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.64
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.50
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	1.0	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.79	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.94	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.8	H
PhyloP100		7.9
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.82	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.7	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.96
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.96
MutPred		0.91		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0046)
MVP		0.98
MPC		2.4
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.4
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.94
gMVP		0.97
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
Splicevardb		2.0
SpliceAI score (max)		0.090		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs104894445; hg19: chr14-55312561;