14-73148098-C-T

Position:

chr14-73148098-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 3P and 1B. PM1PP2BS2_Supporting

The NM_000021.4(PSEN1):c.79C>T(p.Arg27Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000112 in 1,612,030 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R27H) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000010 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PSEN1
NM_000021.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3

Conservation

PhyloP100: 1.88

Variant links:

Genes affected

PSEN1 (HGNC:9508): (presenilin 1) Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1; PSEN2) or in the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor, such that they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity or themselves are protease enzymes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene, the full-length nature of only some have been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008]

PSEN1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

PM1

In a chain Presenilin-1 NTF subunit (size 297) in uniprot entity PSN1_HUMAN there are 290 pathogenic changes around while only 8 benign (97%) in NM_000021.4

PP2

Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), PSEN1. . Gene score misZ 2.1558 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 3.0986 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with acne inversa, familial, 3, dilated cardiomyopathy, Alzheimer disease 3, early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease, semantic dementia, Pick disease, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy 1U, behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia.

BS2

High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 15 AD gene. Variant has AC lower than other variant known as pathogenic in the gene, so the strength is limited to Supporting.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
PSEN1	NM_000021.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.79C>T	p.Arg27Cys	missense_variant	3/12	ENST00000324501.10

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
PSEN1	ENST00000324501.10 linkuse as main transcript	c.79C>T	p.Arg27Cys	missense_variant	3/12	1	NM_000021.4	P4	P49768-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152204

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000414

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.00000399

AC:

AN:

250724

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00000738

AC XY:

AN XY:

135482

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000328

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000103

AC:

AN:

1459826

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000138

AC XY:

AN XY:

726322

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000697

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000540

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152204

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000403

AC XY:

AN XY:

74350

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000414

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Pick disease;C0338451:Frontotemporal dementia;C1843013:Alzheimer disease 3;C3151038:Acne inversa, familial, 3

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Feb 24, 2020

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with PSEN1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 313945). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change replaces arginine with cysteine at codon 27 of the PSEN1 protein (p.Arg27Cys). The arginine residue is weakly conserved and there is a large physicochemical difference between arginine and cysteine. -

Dilated cardiomyopathy 1U

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Jan 12, 2018

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Alzheimer disease 3

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Jan 12, 2018

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.11

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.28

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.26

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.70

.;.;.;D;T;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.20

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.32

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.76

LIST_S2

Benign

0.80

T;D;T;T;T;T;T

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.42

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.46

T;T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.8

.;.;L;L;.;.;L

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D;D;D;D;D

PrimateAI

Benign

0.41

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.0

D;D;N;D;N;D;D

REVEL

Uncertain

0.58

Sift

Uncertain

0.0010

D;D;D;D;D;D;D

Sift4G

Benign

0.074

T;T;D;T;T;T;T

Polyphen

1.0, 0.61

.;.;D;P;.;.;.

Vest4

0.14, 0.15, 0.19

MutPred

0.33

Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.039);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.039);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.039);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.039);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.039);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.039);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.039);

MVP

0.93

MPC

0.71

ClinPred

0.92

GERP RS

5.2

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.21

gMVP

0.32

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over