14-87968334-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PVS1_ModeratePM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000153.4(GALC):c.908+1G>A variant causes a splice donor, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000436 in 1,607,026 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000041 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GALC
NM_000153.4 splice_donor, intron

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 1.000

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.81

Publications

3 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

GALC (HGNC:4115): (galactosylceramidase) This gene encodes a lysosomal protein which hydrolyzes the galactose ester bonds of galactosylceramide, galactosylsphingosine, lactosylceramide, and monogalactosyldiglyceride. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Krabbe disease, also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GALC Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Krabbe disease
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Myriad Women’s Health, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, ClinGen, Genomics England PanelApp

GALC links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points.

PVS1

Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.07580175 fraction of the gene. No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal is inframe change.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 14-87968334-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr14-87968334-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 188815.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GALC	NM_000153.4 link	c.908+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 8 of 16	ENST00000261304.7	NP_000144.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GALC	ENST00000261304.7 link	c.908+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 8 of 16	1	NM_000153.4	ENSP00000261304.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

151946

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000163

AC:

AN:

245538

AF XY:

0.00

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000179

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000412

AC:

AN:

1455080

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000276

AC XY:

AN XY:

723944

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33038

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

43566

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

25846

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000252

AC:

AN:

39658

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000352

AC:

AN:

85340

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53350

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5690

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000180

AC:

AN:

1108564

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60028

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.508

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

151946

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74204

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41358

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15254

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3462

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000193

AC:

AN:

5190

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4828

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10550

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

67988

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2088

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.625

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000378

ExAC

AF:

0.00000828

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Galactosylceramide beta-galactosidase deficiency

Pathogenic:4

Dec 30, 2019

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: GALC c.908+1G>A is located in a canonical splice-site and is predicted to affect mRNA splicing resulting in a significantly altered protein due to either exon skipping, shortening, or inclusion of intronic material. Several computational tools predict a significant impact on normal splicing: Three predict the variant abolishes the canonical 5' splicing donor site. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 1.6e-05 in 245538 control chromosomes. c.908+1G>A has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Krabbe Disease (example, Puckett_2012, Duffner_2012, Africa_2017). These data indicate that the variant is likely to be associated with disease. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 although one submitter has classified the variant as likely pathogenic before 2014 using overlapping evidence utilized in the context of this evaluation. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Lifecell International Pvt. Ltd

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

A Heterozygous, Splice site donor variant c.908+1G>A in Exon 8 of the GALC gene. The observed variant has a minor allele frequency of 0.00002/% in gnomAD exomes and genomes, respectively. The severity of the impact of this variant on the protein is high, based on the effect of the protein and REVEL score. Rare Exome Variant Ensemble Learner (REVEL) is an ensembl method for predicting the pathogenicity of missense variants based on a combination of scores from 13 individual tools: MutPred, FATHMM v2.3, VEST 3.0, PolyPhen-2, SIFT, PROVEAN, MutationAssessor, MutationTaster, LRT, GERP++, SiPhy, phyloP, and phastCons. The REVEL score for an individual missense variant can range from 0 to 1, with higher scores reflecting greater likelihood that the variant is disease-causing. ClinVar has also classified this variant as Pathogenic/ Likely Pathogenic (Variation ID: 188815). The variant has been previously reported for Krabee disease by Puckett RL, et al., 2012.Based on the above evidence this variant has been classified as Pathogenic according to the ACMG guidelines. -

Jun 12, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 8 of the GALC gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in GALC are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 7437911, 9272171, 16607461). This variant is present in population databases (rs750524447, gnomAD 0.007%). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individual(s) with Krabbe disease (PMID: 22115770, 22520351, 28547031). This variant is also known as c.860+1G>A. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 188815). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Nov 12, 2021

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

NM_000153.3(GALC):c.908+1G>A is a canonical splice variant classified as pathogenic in the context of Krabbe disease. c.908+1G>A has been observed in cases with relevant disease (PMID: 22115770, 22520351, 28547031). Functional assessments of this variant are not available in the literature. c.908+1G>A has been observed in population frequency databases (gnomAD: SAS 0.01%). In summary, NM_000153.3(GALC):c.908+1G>A is a canonical splice variant that has internal structural support for pathogenicity and has been observed more frequently in cases with the relevant disease than in healthy populations. Please note: this variant was assessed in the context of healthy population screening. -

not provided

Pathogenic:1

Aug 30, 2021

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Abnormality of the nervous system

Pathogenic:1

Jul 10, 2021

Kariminejad - Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics Center

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.50

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.42

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

Eigen

Pathogenic

1.1

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.94

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.97

PhyloP100

7.8

GERP RS

4.7

Mutation Taster

=0/100

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

0.93

SpliceAI score (max)

0.99

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DL_spliceai

0.99

Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over